Exploring the impact of regulations on PM10 concentrations in six urban airsheds in New Zealand
Exploring the impact of regulations on PM10 concentrations in six urban airsheds in New Zealand
复制标题
探索法规对新西兰六个城市空气域 PM10 浓度的影响
DOI：
--
复制
发表时间：
2012
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
J. Bluett
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
E. Wilton;J. Bluett
在新西兰的许多城市空气中，PM10的浓度经常超过新西兰国家环境标准(NES)的50微克m-3(24小时平均值)(MFE 2010)。在一些气库，正在通过引入和实施针对这些违规的主要来源--家庭供暖燃烧固体燃料--的法规来解决这个问题。在其他地区，家庭供暖的排放仍然不受监管。本文回顾了在新西兰六个城市风场内实现NES的进展情况。这篇论文的目的是评估PM10浓度随时间的变化，并将这些变化与新西兰六个城市空气仓的排放预测和排放清单进行比较。数据显示，在研究中考虑的六个风洞中，有五个的冬季PM10浓度有所改善。有效的减排法规的积极影响清楚地体现在那些对家用固体燃料加热器排放进行管制的通风系统的改善速度加快上。将PM10浓度的变化与减排管理措施相关的预期减排量进行比较，表明大多数地区的情况都是一致的。然而，在克赖斯特彻奇，监测到的减排与预测的减排之间出现了偏差。似乎很可能是包括固体燃料燃烧器数量估计和排放系数在内的多种因素的组合导致了差异。本期报告强调了改进的排放系数、燃料使用数据和正在运行的加热器的改进数量的价值。
Concentrations of PM10 regularly exceed the New Zealand National Environmental Standard (NES) of 50 mug m-3 (24-hour average) in many urban airsheds of New Zealand (MfE 2010). In some airsheds the issue is being addressed through the introduction and implementation of regulations targeting the main source of these breaches, solid fuel burning from domestic heating. In other areas emissions from domestic heating remain un-regulated. This paper provides a review of progress toward attainment the NES within six urban airsheds of New Zealand. The aim of the paper is to evaluate changes in PM10 concentrations over time and compare these to emissions projections and emission inventories in six urban airsheds in New Zealand. Data show that wintertime PM10 concentrations have improved in five of the six airsheds considered within the study. The positive impact of effective emission reduction regulations is clearly demonstrated by accelerated rates of improvement in those airsheds that have regulated emissions from domestic solid fuel heaters. The comparison of change in PM10 concentrations with predicted emission reductions associated with reduction management measures shows that there is good agreement for most areas. However a deviation between monitored and predicted reductions is seen in Christchurch. It seems probable that a combination of factors including estimates of solid fuel burner numbers and emission factors may be contributing to the discrepancies. This issue highlights the value of improved emission factors, fuel use data and refined number of heaters being operated.