Dietary docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) as lysophosphatidylcholine, but not as free acid, enriches brain DHA and improves memory in adult mice.
Dietary docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) as lysophosphatidylcholine, but not as free acid, enriches brain DHA and improves memory in adult mice.
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DOI：
10.1038/s41598-017-11766-0
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发表时间：
2017-09-12
影响因子：
4.6
通讯作者：
Subbaiah PV
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Sugasini D;Thomas R;Yalagala PCR;Tai LM;Subbaiah PV
二十二碳六烯酸(DHA)是唯一集中在大脑中的物质，是其功能所必需的，但主要必须从饮食中获得。目前的大多数DHA补充剂，包括鱼油和磷虾油，不会显著增加脑DHA，因为它们被水解成游离的DHA并以三酰甘油的形式被吸收，而血脑屏障上的转运蛋白是磷脂形式的DHA所特有的。在这里，我们表明，正常成年小鼠口服DHA作为溶血磷脂酰胆碱(40 mg DHA/kg)30天，使大脑中DHA含量增加2倍。相反，等量的游离DHA不会增加大脑DHA，但会增加脂肪组织和心脏中的DHA。此外，在Morris水迷宫实验中，LPC-DHA可显著改善大鼠的空间学习记忆能力，而游离DHA对其无明显影响。使用LPC-DHA后，脑源性神经营养因子在所有脑区均增加，但不增加游离DHA。这些研究表明，饲料中的LPC-DHA有效地增加了成年哺乳动物的大脑DHA含量，改善了大脑功能，从而为预防和治疗与DHA缺乏相关的神经系统疾病提供了一种新的营养方法，如阿尔茨海默病。
Docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) is uniquely concentrated in the brain, and is essential for its function, but must be mostly acquired from diet. Most of the current supplements of DHA, including fish oil and krill oil, do not significantly increase brain DHA, because they are hydrolyzed to free DHA and are absorbed as triacylglycerol, whereas the transporter at blood brain barrier is specific for phospholipid form of DHA. Here we show that oral administration of DHA to normal adult mice as lysophosphatidylcholine (LPC) (40 mg DHA/kg) for 30 days increased DHA content of the brain by >2-fold. In contrast, the same amount of free DHA did not increase brain DHA, but increased the DHA in adipose tissue and heart. Moreover, LPC-DHA treatment markedly improved the spatial learning and memory, as measured by Morris water maze test, whereas free DHA had no effect. The brain derived neurotrophic factor increased in all brain regions with LPC-DHA, but not with free DHA. These studies show that dietary LPC-DHA efficiently increases brain DHA content and improves brain function in adult mammals, thus providing a novel nutraceutical approach for the prevention and treatment of neurological diseases associated with DHA deficiency, such as Alzheimer’s disease.