Hierarchically engineered nanochannel systems with pore-in/on-pore structures
Hierarchically engineered nanochannel systems with pore-in/on-pore structures
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DOI：
10.1038/s41427-022-00451-y
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发表时间：
2023-03
影响因子：
9.7
通讯作者：
Minmin Li;Yuchen Cao;Yuting Xiong;Guangyan Qing
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Minmin Li;Yuchen Cao;Yuting Xiong;Guangyan Qing
生物离子通道具有结构、组成和电荷分布的不对称性，具有离子选择性、离子门控和离子整流等上级可控的离子传输特性，生命体可通过离子通道进行多种活动，包括信号转导、细胞运动、质量和能量传递等。受此启发，研究人员从未停止过追求能够实现可比功能的人工离子通道。尽管在许多领域的成功探索，目前的均匀纳米通道，但是，还没有提供足够的回报与他们的天然同行。然而，分层设计的异质纳米通道由于其优异的离子选择性、渗透性和整流特性而逐渐登上舞台，从而在诸如选择性离子传输、能量转换、生物分子分离和检测等领域中闪耀着光芒。在这篇文章中，我们简要地回顾了最近的进展，分层工程纳米通道系统的孔上孔和孔中孔结构，重点是有前途的应用，包括离子选择性运输，渗透能量收集，分离和生物传感。最后，当前的挑战和可能的解决方案也进行了讨论，以推进分层纳米通道系统的设计和应用。
Biological ion channels featuring asymmetries in structure, composition, and charge distribution have superior controllable ion transport properties, such as ion selectivity, ion gating, and ion rectification, by which life executes diverse activities, including signal transduction, cell motility, and mass and energy transfer. Inspired by this, researchers have never stopped pursuing artificial ion channels that can achieve comparable functions. Despite successful explorations in many fields, current homogeneous nanochannels, however, have not yet offered sufficient rewards comparable to those of their natural counterparts. However, hierarchically engineered heterogeneous nanochannels have gradually come onto the stage because of their excellent ion selectivity, permeability, and rectification properties and thus have been shining brilliantly in fields such as selective ion transport, energy conversion, biomolecular separation, and detection. In this article, we briefly review the recent advances of hierarchically engineered nanochannel systems in terms of pore-on-pore and pore-in-pore structures, with an emphasis on promising applications, including ion-selective transport, osmotic energy harvesting, separation, and biosensing. Finally, current challenges and conceivable solutions are also discussed to advance the design and applications of hierarchical nanochannel systems.