Divisor-Based Biproportional Apportionment in Electoral Systems: A Real-Life Benchmark Study
Divisor-Based Biproportional Apportionment in Electoral Systems: A Real-Life Benchmark Study
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选举制度中基于除数的双比例分配：现实生活基准研究
DOI：
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发表时间：
2010
期刊：
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通讯作者：
Martin Zachariasen
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文献类型：
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作者：
S. Maier;P. Zachariassen;Martin Zachariasen
双比例分配法在选区细分为选区的选举制度中提供双向比例。这个问题是分配整数值到一个矩阵的元素，这些元素与给定的输入矩阵成比例，并且满足一组行和列和要求。在基于因子的双比例分配方法中，通过计算适当的行因子和列因子，并通过舍入因子来解决问题。我们提出了一个全面的实验评估基于除数的双比例分配在选举制度的背景下。通过对现实生活中的基准实例（多成员地区的选举数据）进行实验，我们评估了基于除数的分配的一般质量，例如，偏离配额、反向排序和出现平局。例如，我们研究了在一个地区拥有较高票数的政党最终在该地区获得较少席位的频率。
Biproportional apportionment methods provide two-way proportionality in electoral systems where the electoral region is subdivided into electoral districts. The problem is to assign integral values to the elements of a matrix that are proportional to a given input matrix, and such that a set of row-and column-sum requirements are fulfilled. In a divisor-based method for biproportional apportionment, the problem is solved by computing appropriate row and column divisors, and by rounding the quotients. We present a comprehensive experimental evaluation of divisor-based biproportional apportionment in an electoral system context. By performing experiments on real-life benchmark instances (election data with multimember districts), we evaluate the general quality of divisor-based apportionments with respect to, e.g., deviation from quota, reversal orderings, and occurrences of ties. For example, we studied the frequency in which a party with a higher vote count in a district ended up with fewer seats in that district.