Drought in Kenya : Climatic , Economic and Socio-Political Factors
Drought in Kenya : Climatic , Economic and Socio-Political Factors
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肯尼亚干旱:气候、经济和社会政治因素
DOI：
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发表时间：
2006
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
Jeong Hoon Kim
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
B. Kim;Y. Choi;Sangeon Gwoo;Yo Han Park;Song I Yang;Jeong Hoon Kim
全球变暖极大地加剧了肯尼亚的干旱，但Serigne T.Kandji博士解释说，只要有意愿，仍然可以找到可持续的解决方案。K是一个容易发生干旱的国家，主要是因为它特殊的生态气候条件。尽管肯尼亚被赤道分成南半部，但它只有少数几个雨量大且有规律的地区(2000毫米)。干旱和半干旱土地(ASAL)覆盖80%的领土。在这些年降雨量从200毫米到500毫米不等的地区，周期性干旱是气候系统的一部分。生活在这些ASAL中的社区对干旱有很好的了解，并开发了描述重大事件的技术。发展组织乐施会的研究表明，肯尼亚西北部的图尔卡纳游牧社区根据干旱的影响来命名干旱。因此，1960年的旱灾因大量动物死亡而被人们记住为“纳摩托”或“骨头外露”。1970年发生了“夺去人畜生命的瘟疫”。Lopiar指的是1979/80年的干旱。
Global warming has dramatically aggravated drought in Kenya, yet Dr. Serigne T. Kandji explains that sustainable solutions could still be found -provided there was a will. K is a drought-prone country, primarily because of its peculiar eco-climatic conditions. Although dissected by the equator in its southern half, Kenya contains only a few pockets of high and regular rainfall (>2000mm). Arid and semi-arid lands (ASALs) cover 80% of the territory. In these areas, where annual rainfall varies from 200 to 500 mm, periodical droughts are part of the climate system. Communities living in these ASALs have a good understanding of drought and have developed techniques to characterise major events. Research by the development organisation Oxfam reveals that the Turkana, a nomadic community in northwestern Kenya, name droughts in relation to their impacts. Thus, the 1960 drought is remembered as “Namotor” or “bones exposed” because of the high number of dead animals. Kimududu or “the plague that killed humans and livestock” occurred in 1970. Lopiar or “sweeping everything away” refers to the 1979/80 drought.