Microtubules and the Control of Wood Formation
Microtubules and the Control of Wood Formation
复制标题
DOI：
10.1007/7089_2008_163
复制
发表时间：
2008
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
R. Funada
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
R. Funada
细胞壁由纤维素微纤维加固，可抵抗细胞因膨胀压力而膨胀。形成层衍生物初生壁中纤维素微纤维的方向决定了细胞扩张的方向，从而控制了树木中次生木质部细胞的形状和大小。 此外，次生壁的质地，特别是次生壁中层（S2层）纤维素微纤丝的取向，与次生木质部细胞的物理性质密切相关。因此，次生壁中纤维素微纤维的取向决定了木材的机械性能。此外，次生木质部细胞通过纤维素微纤维的局部沉积形成细胞壁的修饰，例如凹坑和穿孔。 这些凹坑和穿孔为次生木质部细胞之间的液体流动提供了通道。因此，控制次生壁中纤维素微纤维的取向和定位的能力可能使我们能够改变木材及其产品的质量。有大量证据表明，皮质微管的动力学与分化的次生木质部细胞中新沉积的纤维素微纤维的方向和定位密切相关。因此，操纵皮质微管可以控制细胞壁的质地，从而改善木材质量。
Cell walls are reinforced by cellulose microfibrils, which resist cell expansion in response to turgor pressure. The orientation of cellulose microfibrils in the primary walls of cambial derivatives determines the direction of cell expansion, thereby controlling the shape and size of secondary xylem cells in trees. In addition, the texture of the secondary wall, in particular the orientation of cellulose microfibrils in the middle layer of the secondary wall (S2layer), is closely related to the physical properties of secondary xylem cells. Thus, the orientation of cellulose microfibrils in the secondary walls determines the mechanical properties of wood. In addition, the secondary xylem cells form modifications of the cell wall, such as pits and perforations, by the localized deposition of cellulose microfibrils. These pits and perforations provide a pathway for liquid flow between secondary xylem cells. Thus, the ability to control the orientation and localization of cellulose microfibrils in the secondary wall might allow us to change the quality of wood and its products. There is considerable evidence that the dynamics of cortical microtubules are closely related to the orientation and localization of newly deposited cellulose microfibrils in the differentiating secondary xylem cells. Thus, manipulation of cortical microtubules would allow control of the texture of cell wall, with a consequent improvement of wood quality.