Catalytic steam reforming of bio-oil
Catalytic steam reforming of bio-oil
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DOI：
10.1016/j.ijhydene.2012.01.023
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发表时间：
2012-04
影响因子：
7.2
通讯作者：
Rasmus Trane;S. Dahl;M. Skjøth-Rasmussen;A. Jensen
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Rasmus Trane;S. Dahl;M. Skjøth-Rasmussen;A. Jensen
生物油蒸汽重整可实现氢气和合成气的环保和可持续生产，本文综述了生物油蒸汽重整的研究进展及其模型化合物。在SR过程中可能发生的反应以及操作条件的影响将与文献中研究的催化剂和过程一起提出。几种含Ni、Ru或Rh的催化体系在初始转化和氢气产率方面可以取得良好的性能，但主要问题是，由于碳沉积，催化剂在较长时间（100 - 100小时）的运行中不稳定。由碱性氧化物和氧化铝的混合物组成的支撑材料已经显示出低碳形成的潜力，与K的促进在活性和碳形成方面都是有益的。在流化床和固定床反应器中都取得了令人满意的结果，但在流化床中结焦似乎不太明显。向系统中加入o2可以减少焦炭的形成，并提供自热条件，但代价是降低h2o2和co的产量。由于催化剂寿命短，生物油的SR仍处于早期发展阶段，离工业应用还很远，但该过程还有其他方面需要澄清。生物油SR的未来研究可能是寻找一种耐硫且稳定的催化剂，或者研究一种不容易被碳失活的预减压器概念是否适用于生物油SR。
Hydrogen and synthesis gas can be produced in an environmentally friendly and sustainable way through steam reforming (SR) of bio-oil and this review presents the state-of-the-art of SR of bio-oil and model compounds hereof. The possible reactions, which can occur in the SR process and the influence of operating conditions will be presented along with the catalysts and processes investigated in the literature. Several catalytic systems with Ni, Ru, or Rh can achieve good performance with respect to initial conversion and yield of hydrogen, but the main problem is that the catalysts are not stable over longer periods of operation (>100 h) due to carbon deposition. Support materials consisting of a mixture of basic oxides and alumina have shown the potential for low carbon formation and promotion with K is beneficial with respect to both activity and carbon formation. Promising results have been obtained in both fluidized and fixed bed reactors, but the coke formation appears to be less significant in fluidized beds. The addition of O2to the system can decrease the coke formation and provide autothermal conditions at the expense of a lower H2and CO-yield. The SR of bio-oil is still in an early stage of development and far from industrial application mainly due the short lifetime of the catalysts, but there are also other aspects of the process which need clarification. Future investigations in SR of bio-oil could be to find a sulfur tolerant and stable catalyst, or to investigate if a prereformer concept, which should be less prone to deactivation by carbon, is suitable for the SR of bio-oil.