What Are Jellyfishes and Thaliaceans and Why Do They Bloom
What Are Jellyfishes and Thaliaceans and Why Do They Bloom
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什么是水母和海藻类动物以及它们为何开花
DOI：
10.1007/978-94-007-7015-7_2
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发表时间：
2014
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
M. Dawson
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
C. Lucas;M. Dawson
深海鱼类和海樽纲动物主要包括刺胞动物、栉水母（深海鱼类）和脊索动物（海樽纲动物或远洋被囊动物）的浮游物种。这些不同的物种因其凝胶状的身体而被归为一组，但它们的进化历史不同，可能有不同的形态、生活史、生态和其他特征。这些物种的子集在某些时候和某些地方以高度高浓度出现，即它们积累、聚集、开花或群集。然而，为什么海樽纲动物和海樽纲动物会大量出现还不清楚;部分原因是人们倾向于将许多凝胶状浮游动物，包括海樽纲动物和海樽纲动物，视为一个单一的功能群。在此，我们总结了凝胶状浮游动物之间的进化关系，并回顾了水华的特点，然后重点比较和对比水母，栉水母和海樽纲。我们强调了一些重大的知识差距，强调生物因素，可能有助于水华和概述了人口遗传框架调查的繁荣和萧条的浮游生物种群动态的生态原因。
The jellyfishes and thaliaceans comprise primarily planktonic species of cnidarians, ctenophores (jellyfishes) and chordates (thaliaceans or pelagic tunicates). Grouped together because of their gelatinous bodies, these diverse species nonetheless differ in their evolutionary histories and may have distinct morphologies, life histories, ecologies and other traits. Subsets of these species occur at some times and places in highly elevated concentrations, i.e. they accumulate, aggregate, bloom or swarm. Why jellyfishes and thaliaceans occur in such masses is, however, somewhat unclear; the reasons obscured in part by a tendency to treat many gelatinous zooplankton, including jellyfishes and thaliaceans, as a single functional group. Here we summarize the evolutionary relationships among gelatinous zooplankton and review the characteristics of blooms, before focusing on comparing and contrasting medusae, ctenophores and thaliaceans. We highlight some substantial knowledge gaps, emphasize biological factors that likely contribute to blooms and outline a population genetic framework for investigating the ecological causes of boom and bust population dynamics in the plankton.