Effect of Tenebrio molitor larvae meal on the antioxidant status and stress response pathways in tissues of growing pigs
Effect of Tenebrio molitor larvae meal on the antioxidant status and stress response pathways in tissues of growing pigs
复制标题
DOI：
10.1080/1745039x.2021.1950106
复制
发表时间：
2021-07
影响因子：
2
通讯作者：
R. Ringseis;L. Peter;D. K. Gessner;S. Meyer;E. Most;K. Eder
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
R. Ringseis;L. Peter;D. K. Gessner;S. Meyer;E. Most;K. Eder
摘要由可食用昆虫如黄粉虫生产的昆虫粉（IM）已被认为是单胃家畜饲粮中潜在的合适蛋白质组分。虽然对肉鸡的几项研究表明，动物的健康不会受到IM的负面影响，但关于IM对猪代谢的影响知之甚少。本研究调查是否IM从黄粉虫幼虫引起氧化应激和激活氧化应激敏感的信号通路在猪的关键代谢组织。为了解决这个问题，雄性5周龄的杂交猪被随机分配到三组，每组10头猪，喂养营养充足的，等氮的饮食，无论是没有（CON）或5%或10%的IM从黄粉虫幼虫4周。肝、腓肠肌和/或血浆中硫代巴比妥酸反应物质、生育酚和谷胱甘肽的浓度在组间无差异。肝脏中抗氧化酶过氧化氢酶（CAT）、谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶（GPX）和超氧化物歧化酶（SOD）的活性以及腓肠肌中GPX和SOD的活性在组间没有差异，而骨骼肌中CAT的活性在两个IM喂养组中与CON组相比增加（p < 0.05）。三组大鼠肝脏和腓肠肌中氧化应激敏感信号通路的大多数靶基因（如核因子-κB、核因子红细胞2相关因子2和内质网应激诱导的未折叠蛋白反应）的mRNA水平无差异。目前的研究表明，饲养含有足够水平的抗氧化剂，如维生素E和硒，黄粉虫幼虫粉作为蛋白质组分的饮食既不会引起氧化应激，也不会激活生长猪的关键代谢组织中的氧化应激敏感信号通路。基于这些观察，来自黄粉虫幼虫的IM可以被视为生长猪的安全蛋白质来源。
ABSTRACT Insect meal (IM) produced from edible insects, such as Tenebrio molitor, has been recognised as a potentially suitable protein component in feeding rations for monogastric livestock. While several studies with broilers have shown that animal´s health is not negatively affected by IM, less is known with regard to the influence of IM on metabolism of pigs. The present study investigates whether IM from Tenebrio molitor larvae causes oxidative stress and activates oxidative stress-sensitive signalling pathways in key metabolic tissues of pigs. To address this question, male 5-week-old crossbred pigs were randomly assigned to three groups of 10 pigs each and fed nutrient-adequate, isonitrogenous diets either without (CON) or with 5% IM or 10% IM from Tenebrio molitor larvae for 4 weeks. Concentrations of thiobarbituric acid reactive substances, tocopherols and glutathione in liver, gastrocnemius muscle and/or plasma did not differ between groups. Activities of the antioxidant enzymes catalase (CAT), glutathione peroxidase (GPX) and superoxide dismutase (SOD) in the liver and of GPX and SOD in gastrocnemius muscle were not different between groups, whereas the activity of CAT in skeletal muscle was increased in the two IM-fed groups compared to group CON (p < 0.05). The mRNA levels of most of the target genes of oxidative stress-sensitive signalling pathways, such as nuclear factor-κB, nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 and endoplasmic reticulum stress-induced unfolded protein response, in liver and gastrocnemius muscle did not differ between the three groups. The present study shows that feeding a diet containing adequate levels of antioxidants, such as vitamin E and selenium, and Tenebrio molitor larvae meal as a protein component neither causes oxidative stress nor activates oxidative stress-sensitive signalling pathways in key metabolic tissues of growing pigs. Based on these observations, IM from Tenebrio molitor larvae can be regarded as a safe source of protein in growing pigs.