Genome-wide high-resolution mapping and functional analysis of DNA methylation in Arabidopsis
Genome-wide high-resolution mapping and functional analysis of DNA methylation in Arabidopsis
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DOI：
10.1016/j.cell.2006.08.003
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发表时间：
2006-09-22
期刊：
影响因子：
64.5
通讯作者：
Ecker, Joseph R.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Zhang, Xiaoyu;Yazaki, Junshi;Ecker, Joseph R.
胞嘧啶甲基化对于转座子沉默和内源基因的表观遗传调节是重要的，尽管这种DNA修饰在多大程度上起调节基因组的作用仍然是未知的。在这里，我们报告了第一个全面的DNA甲基化图谱的整个基因组，在35个碱基对的分辨率，使用开花植物拟南芥作为模型。我们发现，pericentromeric异染色质，重复序列，并产生小干扰RNA的区域是严重甲基化。出乎意料的是，超过三分之一的表达基因在转录区域内含有甲基化，而只有大约5%的基因在启动子区域内显示甲基化。有趣的是，转录区域甲基化的基因高度表达且具有组成性活性，而启动子甲基化的基因显示出更大程度的组织特异性表达。DNA甲基转移酶无效突变体的全基因组平铺阵列转录分析确定了数百个基因和基因间非编码RNA的表达水平改变，其中许多可能是由DNA甲基化表观遗传控制。
Cytosine methylation is important for transposon silencing and epigenetic regulation of endogenous genes, although the extent to which this DNA modification functions to regulate the genome is still unknown. Here we report the first comprehensive DNA methylation map of an entire genome, at 35 base pair resolution, using the flowering plant Arabidopsis thaliana as a model. We find that pericentromeric heterochromatin, repetitive sequences, and regions producing small interfering RNAs are heavily methylated. Unexpectedly, over one-third of expressed genes contain methylation within transcribed regions, whereas only similar to 5% of genes show methylation within promoter regions. Interestingly, genes methylated in transcribed regions are highly expressed and constitutively active, whereas promoter-methylated genes show a greater degree of tissue-specific expression. Whole-genome tiling-array transcriptional profiling of DNA methyltransferase null mutants identified hundreds of genes and intergenic noncoding RNAs with altered expression levels, many of which may be epigenetically controlled by DNA methylation.