Dynamic plastid and mitochondrial genomes in Chaetopeltidales (Chlorophyceae) and characterization of a new chlorophyte taxon
Dynamic plastid and mitochondrial genomes in Chaetopeltidales (Chlorophyceae) and characterization of a new chlorophyte taxon
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DOI：
10.1002/ajb2.16015
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发表时间：
2022-06-09
影响因子：
3
通讯作者：
Li，Fay-Wei
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Robison，Tanner;Nelson，Jessica M.;Li，Fay-Wei
PremiseChaetopeltidales是绿藻纲中一个特征不明显的目，只有两个质体，没有线粒体基因组。在这里，我们描述了一个新的分类群在Chaetopeltidales，Gormaniella terricolagen。et sp. nov.和表征其细胞器基因组。用光学显微镜观察其营养形态。细胞器基因组进行组装，注释，并使用各种软件package.ResultsThe线粒体基因组（66，927 bp）的分析，代表了第一个完整的线粒体基因组发表的Chaetopeltidales。叶绿体基因组，测量428，981 bp，是迄今为止公布的最大的质体基因组之一，并且与其他已测序的叶绿体基因组在Chaetopeltidales中共享这种大尺寸和令人难以置信的数量的短的分散重复序列。尽管有这些共同的特点，Chaetopeltidales的叶绿体基因组似乎是高度重排时，彼此相比，有许多倒位，易位和重复，这表明一个特别动态的叶绿体基因组。叶绿体基因组和线粒体基因组均为G. terricolacontain一些移动的组I和组II内含子，这似乎已经分别入侵。线粒体基因组内的三个内含子编码归巢核酸内切酶，这些核酸内切酶在真菌中发现的，而不是藻类，表明水平基因transfer.ConclusionsThese结果可能的情况下，揭示了一个鲜为人知的藻类和他们的不寻常的细胞器基因组，提出了更多的问题Chaetopeltidales内的基因组进化的独特模式。
PremiseChaetopeltidales is a poorly characterized order in the Chlorophyceae, with only two plastid and no mitochondrial genomes published. Here we describe a new taxon in Chaetopeltidales,Gormaniella terricolagen. et sp. nov. and characterize both of its organellar genomes.MethodsGormaniella terricolawas inadvertently isolated from a surface‐sterilized hornwort thallus. Light microscopy was used to characterize its vegetative morphology. Organellar genomes were assembled, annotated, and analyzed using a variety of software packages.ResultsThe mitochondrial genome (66,927 bp) represents the first complete mitochondrial genome published for Chaetopeltidales. The chloroplast genome, measuring 428,981 bp, is one of the largest plastid genomes published to date and shares this large size and an incredible number of short, dispersed repeats with the other sequenced chloroplast genomes in Chaetopeltidales. Despite these shared features, the chloroplast genomes of Chaetopeltidales appear to be highly rearranged when compared to one another, with numerous inversions, translocations, and duplications, suggesting a particularly dynamic chloroplast genome. Both the chloroplast and mitochondrial genomes ofG. terricolacontain a number of mobile group I and group II introns, which appear to have invaded separately. Three of the introns within the mitochondrial genome encode homing endonucleases that are phylogenetically nested within those found in fungi, rather than algae, suggesting a possible case of horizontal gene transfer.ConclusionsThese results help to shed light on a poorly understood group of algae and their unusual organellar genomes, raising additional questions about the unique patterns of genome evolution within Chaetopeltidales.