Minimizing Ecological Impacts of Marine Energy Lighting
Minimizing Ecological Impacts of Marine Energy Lighting
复制标题
最大限度地减少海洋能源照明的生态影响
DOI：
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发表时间：
2022
影响因子：
2.9
通讯作者：
P. Pattison
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Caroline E. Reilly;Julia Larson;Alicia M. Amerson;Garrett Staines;J. Haxel;P. Pattison
海洋能源有望成为美国重要的可再生能源贡献者，但这项技术的广泛应用取决于它的好处超过潜在的生态影响。海洋能源设施引入的一个压力源是光，已知光会引起野生动物的不同反应，尚未作为环境问题加以解决。本综述讨论了类似结构的要求和法规，以及如何进行照明设计选择以满足这些要求，同时最大限度地减少对环境的影响。需要提供更多关于实施海洋能源照明的实用指导，并更新准则，以反映技术和研究进展。除了个体的反应如何导致生态系统层面的变化之外，还介绍了野生动物对光的已知反应。与海洋能源设施相关的光的影响可以通过遵循本文提供的基本指导来减少，例如去除多余的照明，使用具有高方向性的灯，以及采用控制来降低光水平。继续研究动物对光的反应，例如动物反应的最低光照水平，以及高灵敏度光谱表征能力的发展，可以进一步为部署未来开放海洋能源设备提供照明指导。
Marine energy is poised to become an important renewable energy contributor for the U.S., but widespread deployment of the technology hinges on its benefits outweighing the potential ecological impacts. One stressor marine energy installations introduce is light, which is known to cause varying responses among wildlife and has not yet been addressed as an environmental concern. This review discusses requirements and regulations for similar structures and how lighting design choices can be made to meet these requirements while minimizing environmental consequences. More practical guidance on implementing lighting for marine energy is needed, as well as updated guidelines to reflect technological and research advances. Known responses of wildlife to light are introduced in addition to how the responses of individuals may lead to ecosystem-level changes. The impact of light associated with marine energy installations can be reduced by following basic guidance provided herein, such as removing excess lighting, using lights with high directionality, and employing controls to reduce light levels. Continued research on animal responses to light, such as findings on minimum light levels for animal responses, alongside the development of highly-sensitivity spectral characterization capabilities can further inform lighting guidelines for deploying future open ocean marine energy devices.
影响因子：
9.8
作者：
Garratt, Matthew J.;Jenkins, Stuart R.;Davies, Thomas W.
通讯作者：
Davies, Thomas W.