Changes in Instruments and Sites Affecting Historical Weather Records: A Case Study
Changes in Instruments and Sites Affecting Historical Weather Records: A Case Study
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影响历史天气记录的仪器和地点的变化：案例研究
DOI：
10.1175/jtech1888.1
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发表时间：
2006
影响因子：
2.2
通讯作者：
K. Kunkel
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
S. Changnon;K. Kunkel
摘要所有长期的历史气候记录都是基于测量，经历了仪器，场地特征或位置的变化。这些变化如何影响过去数据的质量仍然是数千个历史记录的不确定性，混淆了评估气候变化的努力。幸运的是，伊利诺斯州的一个有118年记录的气象站也保留了所有这些变化的详细记录，加上温度和降水的重叠测量，从而可以精确测量条件如何随时间变化。这项研究检查了这些数据，发现由于各种变化，年气温有0.1°-0.9 ° C的不连续性，但与站点变化有关的日降水量没有变化。然而，由于雨量计类型的改变，记录雨量计的每小时降水量确实发生了相当大的变化。类似的研究，需要作出的其他台站与可比的历史记录的站和仪器的变化和重叠的测量。
Abstract All long historical climate records are based on measurements that experienced shifts in instrumentation, site characteristics, or locations. How such changes affect the quality of past data remains an uncertainty for the thousands of historical records, confounding efforts to assess climate change. Fortunately, one station in Illinois with 118 yr of records has also kept detailed records of all such shifts plus overlapping measurements of temperatures and precipitation, allowing exact measurements of how conditions changed over time. This study examined these data and found varying discontinuities of 0.1°–0.9°C in annual temperatures due to various shifts, but no changes in daily precipitation related to site shifts. However, hourly precipitation amounts from recording rain gauges did undergo a considerable shift due to changes in rain gauge types. Similar studies need to be made of other stations with comparable historical records of station and instrument shifts and with overlapping measuremen...