Temporal variation of the shallow subsurface in the Aquistore CO2 storage site associated with environmental influences using a continuous and controlled seismic source
Temporal variation of the shallow subsurface in the Aquistore CO2 storage site associated with environmental influences using a continuous and controlled seismic source
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使用连续和受控地震源，Aquistore CO2 封存场浅层地下的时间变化与环境影响相关
DOI：
10.1002/2016jb013691
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发表时间：
2017
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
and B. Roberts
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
T. Ikeda;T. Tsuji;M. Takanashi;I. Kurosawa;M. Nakatsukasa;A. Kato;K. Worth;D. White;and B. Roberts
开发用于监测注入二氧化碳的可靠系统对于碳捕获和封存项目至关重要。我们应用延时表面波分析来测量 2014 年至 2016 年在加拿大 Aquistore CO2 封存地点采集的 11 个周期（0.2-21.6 天）连续地震数据中浅层地下的时间变化。我们重点监测环境对浅层地震速度的影响，这与深层储层注入二氧化碳无关。使用称为精确控制常规操作信号系统的连续受控震源系统来提高时间分辨率和震源可重复性。观察到的相速度在冬季明显高于温暖季节。季节性变化可以通过冬季浅波速度的增加来再现，这与部分饱和岩石的更大程度的冻结有关。我们还观察到随着季节的变化相速度逐渐增加或减少，这可能与冰的逐渐冻结或融化有关。因此，我们的监测系统可以有效地监测与冰冻程度相关的浅层地下的时间变化。此外，我们的监测方法在温暖季节的高时间稳定性可能使得立即识别浅层地下的二氧化碳泄漏成为可能。
The development of reliable systems for monitoring injected CO2is essential in carbon capture and storage projects. We applied time‐lapse surface wave analysis to measure temporal variations of the shallow subsurface among 11 periods (0.2–21.6 days) of continuous seismic data acquired from 2014 to 2016 at the Aquistore CO2storage site in Canada. We focused on monitoring environmental influences on shallow seismic velocity, which are unrelated to CO2injection into deep reservoirs. A continuous, controlled seismic source system called Accurately Controlled Routinely Operated Signal System was used to enhance the temporal resolution and source repeatability. Observed phase velocities were clearly higher in winter than in warmer seasons. The seasonal variation could be reproduced by an increase in the shallowSwave velocity during winter associated with the greater extent of freezing of partially saturated rock. We also observed gradual increases or decreases in phase velocities as the seasons changed, which could be related to gradual freezing or melting of ice. Our monitoring system thus could be effective for monitoring temporal variations of the shallow subsurface associated with the degree of freezing. Furthermore, the high temporal stability of our monitoring approach in warm seasons may make it possible to immediately identify CO2leakage in the shallow subsurface.