Anaerobic digestion of undiluted simulant human excreta for sanitation and energy recovery in less-developed countries
Anaerobic digestion of undiluted simulant human excreta for sanitation and energy recovery in less-developed countries
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DOI：
10.1016/j.esd.2015.09.005
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发表时间：
2015-12-01
影响因子：
5.5
通讯作者：
Deshusses, Marc A.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Colon, Joan;Forbis-Stokes, Aaron A.;Deshusses, Marc A.
改善卫生设施是改善公共卫生的最有效手段之一。在实验室系统中研究了高浓度未稀释的模拟人类排泄物的厌氧消化。重点是证明使用简单的非混合厌氧消化器处理模拟高强度未稀释的人类排泄物的适用性，并量化高氨浓度对沼气产量的影响。在间歇实验中，最大产气量为0.44NL·g（COD）（-1），而在总氨氮（TAN）为5和8 g·L-1时，产气量分别为038和0.24NL·g（COD）（-1）。使用适应高氨浓度的接种物对于在这些高TAN浓度下成功地产生生物气至关重要。模拟人类排泄物在氨浓度范围从5.20至7.15克-N L-1的稳定的长期厌氧消化，获得了一个规模缩小的模仿低成本的浮圆顶厌氧消化器。总体而言，结果表明，在简单的非混合消化器中厌氧消化未稀释的模拟人类排泄物是可行的，并产生沼气，这是一种有价值的商品。如果将厌氧消化与适当净化其废水相结合，则可有助于水资源有限的发展中国家的有效卫生。(C)2015作者爱思唯尔公司出版代表国际能源倡议组织。
Improving access to sanitation is one of the most effective means to improve public health. Anaerobic digestion of high-strength undiluted human simulant excreta was investigated in laboratory systems. The focus was on demonstrating the suitability of using simple unmixed anaerobic digesters for the treatment of a simulant high-strength undiluted human excreta and to quantify the effects of high ammonia concentration on the biogas yield. A maximum biogas yield of 0.44 NLbiogas g(COD)(-1) was obtained in batch experiments, while yields of 038 and 0.24 NLbiogas g(COD)(-1) were obtained at 5 and 8 g total ammonia nitrogen (TAN) L-1, respectively. Using an inoculum acclimated to high ammonia concentrations was critical to successful biogas production at these high TAN concentrations. Stable long-term anaerobic digestion of simulant human excreta at ammonia concentrations ranging from 5.20 to 7.15 g-N L-1 was obtained in a scaled-down mimic of a low cost floating dome anaerobic digester. Overall, the results demonstrate that anaerobic digestion of undiluted human simulant excreta in simple unmixed digesters is feasible and yields biogas, which is a valuable commodity. When combined with proper hygienization of its effluent, anaerobic digestion could contribute to effective sanitation in developing countries with limited water availability. (C) 2015 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Inc. on behalf of International Energy Initiative.