A comparison of GHG emissions from UK field crop production under selected arable systems with reference to disease control
A comparison of GHG emissions from UK field crop production under selected arable systems with reference to disease control
复制标题
英国选定耕作系统下大田作物生产的温室气体排放量与疾病控制的比较
DOI：
10.1007/s10658-012-9961-0
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发表时间：
2012
影响因子：
1.8
通讯作者：
Carlton R
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Carlton R
作物病害不仅在需求不断增长的情况下减少作物产量，从而威胁全球粮食安全，而且还通过降低氮肥使用和农场作业的效率以及推动土地利用的变化而导致温室气体（GHG）排放。温室气体排放与采用减少耕作，有机和综合系统的大田作物生产在英国和选定的地区进行比较，从传统的耕地农业排放，以评估其缓解气候变化的潜力。在所有情况下，少耕制度都表现出适度的排放减少（<20%），尽管在实践中它可能不适合所有土壤，而且可能会导致控制作物残体上传播的疾病的问题。在国家一级，与有机和综合系统相关的温室气体排放量大幅增加，主要是由于土地利用变化造成的土壤有机碳损失。在区域一级，综合系统显示出实现大幅减排的潜力。这些结果表明，传统的作物生产系统，加上适当的少耕栽培，通常是最好的生产高产量，以尽量减少温室气体排放，并有助于全球粮食安全，虽然可能有范围内使用的综合系统的区域基础。控制作物病害将继续在保持生产力和减少温室气体排放方面发挥重要作用。
Crop disease not only threatens global food security by reducing crop production at a time of growing demand, but also contributes to greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions by reducing efficiency of N fertiliser use and farm operations and by driving land use change. GHG emissions associated with adoption of reduced tillage, organic and integrated systems of field crop production across the UK and selected regions are compared with emissions from conventional arable farming to assess their potential for climate change mitigation. The reduced tillage system demonstrated a modest (<20%) reduction in emissions in all cases, although in practice it may not be suitable for all soils and it is likely to cause problems with control of diseases spread on crop debris. There were substantial increases in GHG emissions associated with the organic and integrated systems at national level, principally due to soil organic carbon losses from land use change. At a regional level the integrated system shows the potential to deliver significant emission reductions. These results indicate that the conventional crop production system, coupled to reduced tillage cultivation where appropriate, is generally the best for producing high yields to minimise greenhouse gas emissions and contribute to global food security, although there may be scope for use of the integrated system on a regional basis. The control of crop disease will continue to have an essential role in both maintaining productivity and decreasing GHG emissions.
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影响因子：
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作者：
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