Exposure and response to methyl isocyanate: results of a community based survey in Bhopal.
Exposure and response to methyl isocyanate: results of a community based survey in Bhopal.
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异氰酸甲酯的暴露和反应：博帕尔社区调查的结果。
DOI：
10.1136/oem.45.7.469
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发表时间：
1988
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
A. Salmon
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Neil Andersson;M. Muir;V. Mehra;A. Salmon
在博帕尔灾难发生后的两周内，对8个受影响家庭和2个未受影响家庭进行了一系列基于社区的调查。主要关注的是这种气体(后来确定为甲基异氰酸酯)对受害者眼睛的影响，但也要求提供有关呼吸状况和接触的首发症状的数据。没有遇到可归因于气体的失明病例。报告的最常见症状是眼睛灼热、咳嗽、流泪和呕吐。其中，咳嗽的频率与不同集群的死亡率关系最为密切。尽管总体来说要罕见得多，但报告的腹泻频率似乎与死亡率有更强的关系。在死亡率较低的情况下，畏光和眼睑浅层角膜侵蚀的临床表现更常见。这一临床和流行病学图景与不同剂量的气体的不同影响相一致(从距离工厂的距离估计)。
In the two weeks immediately after the Bhopal disaster a community based survey was carried out in a series of eight exposed and two non-exposed clusters of households. The primary concern was the effect of the gas (subsequently identified as methyl isocyanate) on the eyes of the victims but data were also sought on respiratory status and the first symptoms of the exposure. No case of blindness was encountered that could be attributed to the gas. The most frequent symptoms reported were burning of the eyes, coughing, watering of the eyes, and vomiting. Among these, the frequency of cough most closely followed the rate of death in the different clusters. Although much rarer overall, the frequency of reported diarrhoea appeared to bear a stronger relation to death rates. Reports of photophobia and the clinical finding of superficial interpalpebral erosion of the cornea were more frequent where the death rates were lower. This clinical and epidemiological picture is consistent with different effects of the gas at different doses (as estimated from distance from the factory).