Resistance to Bacillus sphaericus in Culex pipiens (Diptera: Culicidae) interaction between recessive mutants and evolution in southern France
Resistance to Bacillus sphaericus in Culex pipiens (Diptera: Culicidae) interaction between recessive mutants and evolution in southern France
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DOI：
10.1603/0022-2585-38.5.657
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发表时间：
2001-09-01
影响因子：
2.1
通讯作者：
Pasteur, N
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Chevillon, C;Bernard, C;Pasteur, N
1994年，在法国南部朗格多克-鲁西永海岸的最东端，首次发现用球形芽孢杆菌内德毒素（Bs）控制不了库蚊。这种失败是由于一个单隐性突变，sp-1(R)。采用两种互补的策略来检验sp-1(R)在1998年是否入侵了bs控制区。首先，从西部布氏蜱控制区的抗性幼虫中筛选出1株BP。在BP菌株中，抗性涉及一个与sp-1(R)不同的单隐性基因sp-2(R)，该基因在纯合子状态下具有相似的高抗性（约为6000倍）。sp-1拷贝(R)和sp-2拷贝(R)的组合获得了100倍的抗性。其次，监测田间雌性与sp-1（RR）纯合子雄性杂交后代的bs抗性。在法国南部的20个地点和西班牙巴塞罗那略布列加特三角洲的3个地点采集雌蚊样本，这些地区对库蚊的控制也很严格。研究中的537只雌性产生了足够的幼虫来推断它们的基因型：462只后代易感，另外51只的存活率是由sp-1(R)和/或sp-2(R)的存在来解释的。其余24例表明，当sp-1(R)联合时，其他因素可能导致耐药。目前的数据显示，即使是隐性的，耐药突变也能迅速增加频率，提供一些相互作用，保护它们免于消失。我们讨论了这一发现对当前策略的影响，旨在避免或延迟用球形芽孢杆菌或苏云金芽孢杆菌毒素控制害虫的抗性。
In southern France, failure to control Culex pipiens L. with Bacillus sphaericus Neide toxin (Bs) was first detected in 1994, at the extreme east of the Languedoc-Roussillon coast. This failure was due to a single recessive mutant, sp-1(R). Two complementary strategies were used to test whether sp-1(R) had invaded the Bs-controlled area by 1998. First, a strain (BP) was selected from resistant larvae sampled in the western part of the Bs-controlled area. In BP strain, resistance involved a single recessive gene, sp-2(R), distinct from sp-1(R), that conferred a similarly high resistance in the homozygous state (approximate to6,000-fold). Combining one copy of sp-1(R) and one of sp-2(R) conferred a > 100-fold resistance. Second, Bs-resistance was monitored among the offspring of field females crossed to sp-1(RR) homozygous males. Females were sampled in 20 localities of southern France and three localities of the Llobregat delta (Barcelona, Spain) where C. pipiens control is also intensive. The 537 females in the study produced enough larvae to infer their genotype: 462 progenies were susceptible and the survival rate of 51 others was explained by the presence of sp-1(R) and/or sp-2(R). The remaining 24 cases indicated that other factors could confer resistance when combined with sp-1(R). The current data showed that, even when recessive, resistant mutants can rapidly increase in frequency, providing some interactions that protect them from disappearance. We discuss the consequences of this finding on the current strategies aimed to avoid or delay resistance in the pests controlled with B. sphaericus or B. thuringiensis Berliner toxins.