Potential contribution of maximum subsurface temperature anomalies to the climate variability
Potential contribution of maximum subsurface temperature anomalies to the climate variability
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DOI：
10.1002/joc.986
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发表时间：
2004-02
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
W. Qian;Yafen Zhu;Jianyin Liang
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
W. Qian;Yafen Zhu;Jianyin Liang
在年际时间尺度上，海表温度异常（SSTA）与全球和区域尺度的气候变率有关，已在以往的研究中得到广泛的研究。通过对46年（1955-2000年）的月消耗性温度测深仪资料的分析，我们发现次表层温度异常（STA）可以直接影响主要海气相互作用区域的SSTA。沿着赤道太平洋，STA的四个重要特征已被描述。(1)赤道东太平洋（EEP）的温度跃层异常仅在很短的距离内与海面混合，因此STA和SSTA具有很好的相关性。(2)在任何地方，STA总是比SSTA更强大。(3)在厄尔尼诺和拉尼娜之间的时间，反之亦然，STA传播沿着温跃层向东，而不与SSTA在中太平洋混合。(4)只有当最大正或最大负STA传播到EEP时，厄尔尼诺或拉尼娜才能发展。在热带盆地内外，STA更多地集中在温跃层而不是20°C等温线上。这些特征告诉我们，每个垂直STA剖面的最大STA（MSTA）可用于指示全球海洋中的异常波传播信号或温跃层变化。这一分析表明，MSTA也是控制气候变率的一个潜在因素，是一个比SSTA更好的指标，因为MSTA记住了海气相互作用信号的变化，并代表了海洋上层巨大的存款的能量。海温与海温的相关系数大于0.60的海区主要分布在赤道太平洋、北太平洋北方、南亚热带印度洋和北大西洋北方。这些相关性进行了讨论，从案例和统计分析。
On the interannual time scale, sea‐surface temperature anomalies (SSTAs) that are concerned with climate variability at global and regional scales have been widely investigated in previous studies. Through the analysis of the monthly 46‐year (1955–2000) expendable bathythermograph data, we show that subsurface temperature anomalies (STAs) can directly affect the SSTAs in the major air–sea interaction regions. Along the equatorial Pacific, four important features for STAs have been characterized. (1) The STAs and SSTAs are well correlated in the eastern equatorial Pacific (EEP) due to the fact that the thermocline anomalies have only to be mixed with the surface over a very short distance. (2) The STAs are always stronger than SSTAs at any location. (3) In the time between El Niño and La Niña, and vice versa, the STAs propagate eastward along the thermocline without mixing with SSTAs in the central Pacific. (4) An El Niño or La Niña can develop only when the maximum positive or the maximum negative STA propagates to the EEP. Inside and outside the tropical basins the STA was more centred on the thermocline than the 20°C isotherm. These features inform us that the maximum STAs (MSTAs) from each vertical STA profile can be used to indicate the anomalous wave‐propagation signal or thermocline variations in the worldwide oceans. This analysis implies that the MSTA is also a potential factor controlling climate variability and is a better indicator than SSTA, because MSTAs memorize the change in air–sea interaction signals and represent a huge deposit of energy in the upper ocean. The correlations between SSTAs and MSTAs with a coefficient of more than 0.60 are predominantly located in the EEP, the northern North Pacific, the southern subtropical Indian Ocean, and the northern North Atlantic Ocean. These correlations are discussed from case and statistical analyses.