Toward integrated opisthorchiasis control in northeast Thailand: the Lawa project.

Toward integrated opisthorchiasis control in northeast Thailand: the Lawa project.
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DOI:
10.1016/j.actatropica.2014.07.017
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发表时间:
2015-01
期刊:
影响因子:
2.7
通讯作者:
Wilcox, Bruce A.
Wilcox, Bruce A.
中科院分区:
医学2区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Sripa, Banchob;Tangkawattana, Sirikachorn;Laha, Thewarach;Kaewkes, Sasithorn;Mallory, Frank F.;Smith, John F.;Wilcox, Bruce A.

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人肝吸虫是一种食源性吸虫,是东南亚,特别是泰国的一个重大公共卫生问题。尽管泰国实施了长期的控制规划并在全国范围内有所减少,但东北各省的弧菌感染流行率仍然很高。因此,在肝吸虫流行的孔敬省Lawa Lake地区采用生态健康/同一个健康方法控制肝吸虫感染的新策略。在社区和学校采用驱虫治疗、新型强化健康教育方法、生态系统监测和社区积极参与开展了一个项目。结果,湖周围10多个村庄的感染率已下降到基线调查估计的平均50%的大约三分之一。引人注目的是,湖中作为中间宿主的鲤科鱼类现在的流行率低于1%,而基线时最高可达70%。这个被称为“Lawa模式”的肝吸虫控制项目现在得到了国内和国际的认可,并正在向泰国其他地区和邻近的湄公河国家推广。本文描述了弧菌病控制面临的挑战,以及利用基于社区的生态系统方法制定综合控制规划和以Lawa为模式的区域推广所吸取的经验教训。
Human liver fluke, Opisthorchis viverrini, a food-borne trematode is a significant public health problem in Southeast Asia, particularly in Thailand. Despite a long history of control programs in Thailand and a nationwide reduction, O. viverrini infection prevalence remains high in the Northeastern Provinces. Therefore, a new strategy for controlling the liver fluke infection using the EcoHealth/One Health approach was introduced into the Lawa Lake area in Khon Kaen province where the liver fluke is endemic. A program has been carried using anthelminthic treatment, novel intensive health education methods both in the communities and in schools, ecosystem monitoring and active community participation. As a result, the infection rate in the more than 10 villages surrounding the Lake has declined to approximate one third of the average of 50% as estimated by a baseline survey. Strikingly, the Cyprinoid fish species in the Lake, which are the intermediate host, now showed less than 1% prevalence compared to a maximum of 70% at baseline. This liver fluke control program, named “Lawa model,” is now recognized nationally and internationally, and being expanding to other parts of Thailand and neighboring Mekong countries. Challenges to O. viverrini disease control, and lessons learned in developing an integrative control program using a community-based, ecosystem approach, and scaling-up regionally based on Lawa as a model are described.
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