An auditory feature detection circuit for sound pattern recognition.
An auditory feature detection circuit for sound pattern recognition.
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DOI：
10.1126/sciadv.1500325
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发表时间：
2015-09
期刊：
影响因子：
13.6
通讯作者：
Hedwig B
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Schöneich S;Kostarakos K;Hedwig B
大脑神经元形成听觉特征检测电路，用于声学交流蟋蟀的歌曲模式识别。从人类的语言到鸟鸣和昆虫的鸣叫，声学通信都是基于声音信号的幅度和频率调制。虽然频率处理开始于听觉器官的水平，但声音幅度的时间特征，如节奏或脉搏率，需要由中央听觉神经元处理。除了几个理论概念外，人们对检测声音信号的时间特征的大脑回路知之甚少。我们专注于声学通信领域的蟋蟀，并显示如何在女性的大脑中的五个神经元形成一个听觉功能检测电路的脉冲模式的男性呼叫歌曲。该处理基于重合检测器机制，当对声音脉冲的直接神经响应和固有延迟响应重合时，该重合检测器机制选择性地响应。该电路提供了听觉配偶识别领域蟋蟀的基础，并揭示了一个主要的感觉加工机制的时间模式的感知。
Brain neurons form auditory feature detector circuit for song pattern recognition in acoustically communicating crickets. From human language to birdsong and the chirps of insects, acoustic communication is based on amplitude and frequency modulation of sound signals. Whereas frequency processing starts at the level of the hearing organs, temporal features of the sound amplitude such as rhythms or pulse rates require processing by central auditory neurons. Besides several theoretical concepts, brain circuits that detect temporal features of a sound signal are poorly understood. We focused on acoustically communicating field crickets and show how five neurons in the brain of females form an auditory feature detector circuit for the pulse pattern of the male calling song. The processing is based on a coincidence detector mechanism that selectively responds when a direct neural response and an intrinsically delayed response to the sound pulses coincide. This circuit provides the basis for auditory mate recognition in field crickets and reveals a principal mechanism of sensory processing underlying the perception of temporal patterns.