Stress Sensitivity, Aberrant Salience, and Threat Anticipation in Early Psychosis: An Experience Sampling Study.
Stress Sensitivity, Aberrant Salience, and Threat Anticipation in Early Psychosis: An Experience Sampling Study.
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DOI：
10.1093/schbul/sbv190
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发表时间：
2016-05
影响因子：
6.6
通讯作者：
Morgan C
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Reininghaus U;Kempton MJ;Valmaggia L;Craig TK;Garety P;Onyejiaka A;Gayer-Anderson C;So SH;Hubbard K;Beards S;Dazzan P;Pariante C;Mondelli V;Fisher HL;Mills JG;Viechtbauer W;McGuire P;van Os J;Murray RM;Wykes T;Myin-Germeys I;Morgan C
虽然当代精神病模型已经提出了许多假定的心理机制，但这些机制如何影响个人，以增加研究实验室之外的真实的生活中精神病经历的强度，目前仍不清楚。我们的目的是调查是否升高的压力敏感性，异常的新奇性和显著性的经验，并加强预期的威胁有助于发展的精神病性经验在日常生活中。我们使用经验抽样法（ESM），以评估压力，负面影响，异常的显着性，威胁预期，和精神病的经验，在51个人与首发精神病（FEP），46个人与精神病的精神状态（ARMS）的风险，和53个对照组没有个人或家族史的精神病。线性混合模型被用来解释ESM数据的多层次结构。在所有3组中，应激敏感性升高、异常显著性和威胁预期增强与精神病经历强度增加相关。然而，FEP个体对轻微应激事件（χ2 = 6.3，P = 0.044）、活动（χ2 = 6.7，P = 0.036）和区域（χ2 = 9.4，P = 0.009）的敏感性升高以及威胁预期增强（χ2 = 9.3，P = 0.009）与更强烈的精神病经历相关。与对照组相比，对局外人身份的敏感性（χ2 = 5.7，P = 0.058）和异常突出经历（χ2 = 12.3，P = 0.002）与ARMS患者的精神病性经历有更强的相关性。我们的研究结果表明，压力敏感性，异常的显着性，和威胁预期是重要的心理过程中的精神病经验的发展，在日常生活中的早期阶段的障碍。
While contemporary models of psychosis have proposed a number of putative psychological mechanisms, how these impact on individuals to increase intensity of psychotic experiences in real life, outside the research laboratory, remains unclear. We aimed to investigate whether elevated stress sensitivity, experiences of aberrant novelty and salience, and enhanced anticipation of threat contribute to the development of psychotic experiences in daily life. We used the experience sampling method (ESM) to assess stress, negative affect, aberrant salience, threat anticipation, and psychotic experiences in 51 individuals with first-episode psychosis (FEP), 46 individuals with an at-risk mental state (ARMS) for psychosis, and 53 controls with no personal or family history of psychosis. Linear mixed models were used to account for the multilevel structure of ESM data. In all 3 groups, elevated stress sensitivity, aberrant salience, and enhanced threat anticipation were associated with an increased intensity of psychotic experiences. However, elevated sensitivity to minor stressful events (χ2 = 6.3, P = 0.044), activities (χ2 = 6.7, P = 0.036), and areas (χ2 = 9.4, P = 0.009) and enhanced threat anticipation (χ2 = 9.3, P = 0.009) were associated with more intense psychotic experiences in FEP individuals than controls. Sensitivity to outsider status (χ2 = 5.7, P = 0.058) and aberrantly salient experiences (χ2 = 12.3, P = 0.002) were more strongly associated with psychotic experiences in ARMS individuals than controls. Our findings suggest that stress sensitivity, aberrant salience, and threat anticipation are important psychological processes in the development of psychotic experiences in daily life in the early stages of the disorder.