Volatile chemical and carotenoid profiles in watermelons [Citrullus vulgaris (Thunb.) Schrad (Cucurbitaceae)] with different flesh colors
Volatile chemical and carotenoid profiles in watermelons [Citrullus vulgaris (Thunb.) Schrad (Cucurbitaceae)] with different flesh colors
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不同果肉颜色的西瓜 [Citrullus vulgaris (Thunb.) Schrad (Cucurbitaceae)] 中的挥发性化学物质和类胡萝卜素特征
DOI：
10.1007/s10068-012-0068-3
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发表时间：
2012-04-01
影响因子：
2.9
通讯作者：
Xu, Juan
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Liu, Cuihua;Zhang, Hongyan;Xu, Juan
采用高效液相色谱（HPLC）、气相色谱 - 氢火焰离子化检测器（GC - FID）和气相色谱 - 质谱联用（GC - MS）技术对12个不同果肉颜色的西瓜[Citrullus vulgaris (Thunb.) Schrad（葫芦科）]品种的类胡萝卜素、可溶性糖、有机酸和风味差异进行了分析。结果表明，全反式紫黄质、9 - 顺式紫黄质和黄体黄质是黄瓤西瓜中主要的类胡萝卜素酯。然而，红瓤西瓜富含全反式番茄红素及其顺式异构体。在橙黄瓤西瓜中发现了高浓度的β - 胡萝卜素和前番茄红素。不同西瓜之间蔗糖浓度差异较大。蔗糖和/或果糖是西瓜果肉中的主要糖类，柠檬酸和苹果酸是主要的有机酸。在所有研究的基因型西瓜果肉中均检测到柠檬烯。有趣的是，化学物质浓度的偏相关分析显示，β - 紫罗兰酮与β - 胡萝卜素之间以及（E） - 香叶基丙酮与前番茄红素之间存在2个显著（p < 0.01）的正相关关系。
Twelve watermelon [Citrullus vulgaris (Thunb.) Schrad (Cucurbitaceae)] cultivars with different flesh colors were analyzed by HPLC, GC-FID, and GC-MS for their differences in carotenoid, soluble sugar, organic acid, and flavor. Results showed that all-trans violaxanthin, 9-cis-violaxanthin, and luteoxanthin were the main carotenoid esters in watermelons with yellow flesh. However, watermelons with red flesh were rich in all-trans lycopene and their cis-isomers. High concentrations of β-carotene and pro-lycopenes were found in watermelon with orange-yellow flesh. Large variations in the sucrose concentration were observed among the different watermelons. Sucrose and/or fructose were the dominant sugars, while citric acid and malic acid were the main organic acids in watermelon flesh. Limonene was detected in the watermelon flesh of all investigated genotypes. Interestingly, partial correlation analysis of the chemical concentrations revealed 2 significant (p<0.01) positive correlations between β-ionone and β-carotene, and between (E)-geranyl acetone and prolycopenes.