THE INFLUENCE OF MATERNAL AGE AND MATING FREQUENCY ON EGG SIZE AND OFFSPRING PERFORMANCE IN CALLOSOBRUCHUS-MACULATUS (COLEOPTERA, BRUCHIDAE)
THE INFLUENCE OF MATERNAL AGE AND MATING FREQUENCY ON EGG SIZE AND OFFSPRING PERFORMANCE IN CALLOSOBRUCHUS-MACULATUS (COLEOPTERA, BRUCHIDAE)
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DOI：
10.1007/bf00318042
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发表时间：
1993-10-01
期刊：
影响因子：
2.7
通讯作者：
FOX, CW
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
FOX, CW
母亲年龄影响许多昆虫物种的后代质量。观察到的母亲年龄对后代表现的影响可能是通过母亲年龄对卵子大小的影响来介导的，而卵子大小反过来又可能直接受到雌性营养状况的影响。因此，影响女性营养状况的行为将会。间接影响卵子的大小，并可能影响后代的生活史。由于雄性通过射精为雌性提供营养，因此雌性交配频率是一种可能影响其营养状况的行为，从而影响其卵子的大小和后代的表现。在本文中，我首先量化了母亲年龄对豆象甲虫 Callosobchus maculatus 的卵大小和后代性能的影响。然后，我研究了当母体营养紧张时，交配期间转移的营养物质是否会降低母体年龄对卵子大小和幼虫性能的影响程度。随着母体年龄的增加，蛋的大小和孵化率下降，发育时间增加。多次交配和雌性成虫喂养都会导致卵尺寸增大。交配繁殖的雌性卵子大小的增加并没有转化为发育时间的缩短或体型和卵孵化率的增加，但确实与年老母亲所产生的后代的存活率提高相关。因此，由于交配频率对卵子大小的影响相对于母体年龄的影响较小，多次交配产生的营养物质对后代生活史的影响几乎无法检测到（仅检测到对存活率的微小影响）。对于 C. maculatus，雌性多次交配已被证明可以提高成年雌性的存活率（Fox 1993a）、产卵量（Credland 和 Wright 1989；Fox 1993a）、卵大小和幼虫存活率，但是，与 Wasserman 和 Asami（1985）的建议相反，多次交配对后代发育时间或体型没有可检测到的影响。
Maternal age influences offspring quality of many species of insects. This observed maternal age influence on offspring performance may be mediated through maternal age effects on egg size, which in turn may be directly influenced by the female's nutritional state. Thus, behaviors that influence a female's nutritional status will. indirectly influence egg size, and possibly offspring life histories. Because males provide nutrients to females in their ejaculate, female mating frequency is one behavior which may influence her nutritional status, and thus the size of her eggs and the performance of her offspring. In this paper, I first quantify the influences of maternal age on egg size and offspring performance of the bruchid beetle, Callosobruchus maculatus. I then examine whether nutrients transferred during copulation reduce the magnitude of maternal age effects on egg size and larval performance when mothers are nutrient-stressed. Egg size and egg hatchability decreased, and development time increased, with increasing maternal age. Multiple mating and adult feeding by females both resulted in increased egg size. This increase in egg size of females mated multiply did not translate into reduced development time or increased body size and egg hatchability, but did correlate with improved survivorship of offspring produced by old mothers. Thus, it appears that because the influence of mating frequency on egg size is small relative to the influence of maternal age, the influence of nutrients derived from multiple mating on offspring life history is almost undetectable (detected only as a small influence on survivorship). For C. maculatus, female multiple mating has been demonstrated to increase adult female survivorship (Fox 1993a), egg production (Credland and Wright 1989; Fox 1993a), egg size, and larval survivorship, but, contrary to the suggestion of Wasserman and Asami (1985), multiple mating had no detectable influence on offspring development time or body size.