Biotic Drivers of Stream Planform: Implications for Understanding the Past and Restoring the Future
Biotic Drivers of Stream Planform: Implications for Understanding the Past and Restoring the Future
复制标题
流规划的生物驱动因素：对理解过去和恢复未来的影响
DOI：
10.1525/bio.2013.63.6.6
复制
发表时间：
2013
期刊：
影响因子：
3.8
通讯作者：
E. Wohl
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
L. Polvi;E. Wohl
传统上，河道平台被视为一个更大的流域和山谷尺度物理变量的函数，包括山谷坡度、流量、泥沙大小和负荷。生物过程通过增加河岸稳定性和崩解概率，创造稳定的多线程（再分支）河道，并影响沉积动力学，在直流、辫状、曲流和再分支河道类型之间的河道平面转化中起着至关重要的作用。我们回顾了河岸植被和河道跨越障碍物——海狸坝和淤塞——在改变洛基山脉南部河道泛滥平原动态中的作用，并提出了植被和海狸种群或原始森林组合控制淤塞形成的河道平台情景。这些概念模型提供了对整个全新世的历史平台变化的理解，并概述了在宽阔、低梯度的源头山谷中恢复或管理河流的意义，这对于储存沉积物、碳和营养物质以及支持多样化的河岸群落非常重要。
Traditionally, stream channel planform has been viewed as a function of larger watershed and valley-scale physical variables, including valley slope, the amount of discharge, and sediment size and load. Biotic processes serve a crucial role in transforming channel planform among straight, braided, meandering, and anabranching styles by increasing stream-bank stability and the probability of avulsions, creating stable multithread (anabranching) channels, and affecting sedimentation dynamics. We review the role of riparian vegetation and channel-spanning obstructions—beaver dams and logjams—in altering channel-floodplain dynamics in the southern Rocky Mountains, and we present channel planform scenarios for combinations of vegetation and beaver populations or old-growth forest that control logjam formation. These conceptual models provide understanding of historical planform variability throughout the Holocene and outline the implications for stream restoration or management in broad, low-gradient headwater valleys, which are important for storing sediment, carbon, and nutrients and for supporting a diverse riparian community.