Neocortical neuron morphology in Afrotheria: comparing the rock hyrax with the African elephant
Neocortical neuron morphology in Afrotheria: comparing the rock hyrax with the African elephant
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DOI：
10.1111/j.1749-6632.2011.05991.x
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发表时间：
2011-01-01
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
Sherwood, Chet C.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Bianchi, Serena;Bauernfeind, Amy L.;Sherwood, Chet C.
哺乳动物的新皮层包含了各种各样的神经元类型。特别是，最近的研究表明，在接近哺乳动物辐射底部的物种（如单孔目动物、无性系动物和异种节肢动物）中，刺突神经元的形态多样性很大。在这里，我们使用高尔基技术研究了一种非动物物种——岩狸（Procavia capensis）的不同神经元形态，并与相关的非洲象（Loxodonta africana）进行了比较。结果表明，岩兔新皮层棘神经元的形态变化比大象小，表现出相对“典型”的锥体神经元的频率更高。此外，定量比较额叶区和视觉区的石兔锥体神经元形态，发现额叶皮质神经元的脊柱密度更高，但在其他形态学方面没有差异。在非洲象以及一些灵长类物种中，也观察到金字塔结构的区域差异。
The mammalian neocortex contains a great variety of neuronal types. In particular, recent studies have shown substantial morphological diversity among spiny projecting neurons in species that diverged close to the base of the mammalian radiation (e.g., monotremes, afrotherians, and xenarthrans). Here, we used a Golgi technique to examine different neuronal morphologies in an afrotherian species, the rock hyrax (Procavia capensis), and provide a comparison with the related African elephant (Loxodonta africana). Results showed that spiny neurons in the rock hyrax neocortex exhibit less morphological variation than in elephants, displaying a higher frequency of relatively "typical" pyramidal neurons. A quantitative comparison of rock hyrax pyramidal neuron morphology between frontal and visual areas, moreover, revealed greater spine density of neurons in frontal cortex, but no differences in other morphological aspects. Regional variations in pyramidal structure have also been observed in the African elephant, as well as a number of primate species.