Contrasting patterns of cognitive abilities of 9-and 10-year-olds with Williams syndrome or Down syndrome
Contrasting patterns of cognitive abilities of 9-and 10-year-olds with Williams syndrome or Down syndrome
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DOI：
10.1207/s15326942dn1602_3
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发表时间：
1999-01-01
影响因子：
1.5
通讯作者：
Mervis, CB
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Klein, BP;Mervis, CB
研究人员对患有威廉姆斯综合症或唐氏综合症的 9 岁和 10 岁儿童的认知优势和劣势进行了比较。从 21 名威廉姆斯综合症儿童和 25 名唐氏综合症儿童的原始样本中，将 13 对患有威廉姆斯综合症或唐氏综合症的儿童分别进行了实际年龄和麦卡锡儿童能力量表 (MSCA) 得分的匹配。所有未匹配的威廉姆斯综合症儿童的总分都高于任何未匹配的唐氏综合症儿童，这表明威廉姆斯综合症和唐氏综合症的一般认知能力分布并不相等。对匹配的参与者在 MSCA（领域和子测试）和皮博迪图片词汇测试修订版 (PPVT-R) 上的表现进行了对比。患有威廉姆斯综合症的参与者在言语和记忆领域表现出相对优势，而患有唐氏综合症的儿童在知觉表现领域表现出相对优势。患有威廉姆斯综合征的儿童表现出的子测试优势表明言语记忆能力相对较强，但在测量语义能力的子测试或 PPVT-R 上没有观察到表现存在显着差异。患有唐氏综合症的儿童表现出分项测试的优势，表明其视觉空间建构能力相对较强。研究结果与之前对患有威廉姆斯综合症或唐氏综合症的青少年和年轻人进行对比的研究结果进行了讨论。
Comparative cognitive strengths and weaknesses of 9- and 10-year-old children with Williams syndrome or Down syndrome were examined. From an original sample of 21 children with Williams syndrome and 25 children with Down syndrome, 13 pairs of children with Williams or Down syndrome were individually matched for chronological age and total points earned on the McCarthy Scales of Children's Abilities (MSCA). All of the unmatched children with Williams syndrome earned more total points than any of the unmatched children with Down syndrome, suggesting that the general cognitive ability distributions for Williams syndrome and Down syndrome are not equivalent. Performance of the matched pairs of participants on both the MSCA (domain and subtest) and the Peabody Picture Vocabulary Test-Revised (PPVT-R) was contrasted. Participants with Williams syndrome showed comparative strengths in the Verbal and Memory domains, whereas children with Down syndrome showed a comparative strength in the Perceptual-Performance domain. Children with Williams syndrome showed subtest strengths indicating comparatively stronger verbal memory abilities, but no significant differences in performance on subtests measuring semantic abilities or on the PPVT-R were observed. Children with Down syndrome showed subtest strengths indicating comparatively stronger visuospatial constructive skills. Findings are discussed in relation to results of previous studies contrasting adolescents and young adults with Williams syndrome or Down syndrome.