Differences in orthodenticle expression promote ommatidial size variation between Drosophila species-猫眼课题宝

DOI：

10.1101/2021.03.17.435774

发表时间：

2021-03

期刊：

bioRxiv

影响因子：

通讯作者：

中科院分区：

其他

文献类型：

作者：

Montserrat Torres-Oliva;E. Buchberger;A. D. Buffry;M. Kittelmann;Lauren Sumner-Rooney;Pedro Gaspar;G. Bullinger;Genoveva Guerrero;F. Casares;Saad Arif;Nico Posnien;Maria D. S. Nunes;A. McGregor;I. Almudi

昆虫的复眼在小眼的数量和大小上表现出广泛的差异，这影响了它们的视觉方式，并成为它们适应不同环境和生活方式的基础。然而，人们对复眼大小差异的遗传和发育基础知之甚少。我们之前的研究表明，毛里求斯果蝇的眼睛比拟象果蝇的眼睛更大，是由小眼大小而不是数量的差异引起的。此外，我们在毛里求斯鬣蜥中发现了一个x连锁的染色体区域，当它渗入到毛里求斯鬣蜥中时，会导致更大的眼睛。在这里，我们使用精细定位和基因表达分析相结合的方法来进一步研究X染色体上的候选基因。我们发现，在三龄幼虫的小眼成熟过程中，毛里求斯海蛞蝓的正齿突表达要早于拟象海蛞蝓，并且我们进一步证明了该基因对于黑腹海蛞蝓小眼的正确组织和大小是必需的。使用ATAC-seq，我们已经确定了几个候选的otd眼睛增强因子以及该转录因子的潜在直接靶点，这些靶点在毛里求斯海鬣蜥和海鬣蜥之间表达差异。综上所述，我们的研究结果表明，otd表达时间的差异导致了毛利亚蜥蜴和拟蜥蜴之间小眼大小的自然变化，这为昆虫复眼大小调节和进化的机制提供了新的见解。

The compound eyes of insects exhibit extensive variation in ommatidia number and size, which affects how they see and underlies adaptations in their vision to different environments and lifestyles. However, very little is known about the genetic and developmental bases underlying differences in compound eye size. We previously showed that the larger eyes of Drosophila mauritiana compared to D. simulans is caused by differences in ommatidia size rather than number. Furthermore, we identified an X-linked chromosomal region in D. mauritiana that results in larger eyes when introgressed into D. simulans. Here, we used a combination of fine-scale mapping and gene expression analysis to further investigate positional candidate genes on the X chromosome. We found that orthodenticle is expressed earlier in D. mauritiana than in D. simulans during ommatidial maturation in third instar larvae, and we further show that this gene is required for the correct organisation and size of ommatidia in D. melanogaster. Using ATAC-seq, we have identified several candidate eye enhancers of otd as well as potential direct targets of this transcription factor that are differentially expressed between D. mauritiana and D. simulans. Taken together, our results suggest that differential timing of otd expression contributes to natural variation in ommatidia size between D. mauritiana and D. simulans, which provides new insights into the mechanisms underlying the regulation and evolution of compound eye size in insects.

Differences in orthodenticle expression promote ommatidial size variation between Drosophila species

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