Nanoparticles of SnO produced by sonochemistry as anode materials for rechargeable lithium batteries
Nanoparticles of SnO produced by sonochemistry as anode materials for rechargeable lithium batteries
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DOI：
10.1021/cm021137m
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发表时间：
2002-10
影响因子：
8.6
通讯作者：
D. Aurbach;A. Nimberger;B. Markovsky;E. Levi;and Elena Sominski;A. Gedanken
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
D. Aurbach;A. Nimberger;B. Markovsky;E. Levi;and Elena Sominski;A. Gedanken
在弱碱性SnCl 2溶液中超声化学合成SnO纳米粒子。由此获得的非晶产物可通过加热至200 °C而转化为纳米晶相。测试了由80% SnO、10%石墨薄片（导电添加剂）和10%聚合物粘合剂（最佳组合物）组成（按重量计）的复合电极作为可再充电Li电池的阳极。发现纳米晶SnO作为电极的活性材料比初始非晶相有效得多。这些电极在电化学锂化-脱锂过程中与非水锂盐溶液中的Li对电极相比可以达到接近其理论容量（10790 mAh/g，SnO）。然而，要将SnO用作实际电池中的阳极材料，还有很长的路要走。这是由于其高不可逆容量（由于锂-锡化合物与溶液物质反应而形成Li 2 O和表面膜沉淀）和容量逐渐下降。
Nanoparticles of SnO were synthesized sonochemically in mildly basic SnCl2 solutions. The amorphous product thus obtained could be transformed to a nanocrystalline phase by heating to 200 °C. Composite electrodes comprised (by weight) of 80% SnO, 10% graphite flakes (conductive additive), and 10% polymeric binder (an optimal composition) were tested as anodes for rechargeable Li batteries. The nanocrystalline SnO was found to be much more effective as an active material for electrodes than the initial amorphous phase. These electrodes could reach nearly their theoretical capacity (≃790 mAh/g, SnO) in electrochemical lithiation−delithiation processes versus a Li counter electrode in nonaqueous Li salt solutions. However, there is still a long way to go to the possible use of SnO as an anode material in practical batteries. This is due to its high irreversible capacity (Li2O formation and surface film precipitation due to reactions of lithium−tin compounds with solution species) and gradual capacity decreas...