Early reading development in children at family risk for dyslexia
Early reading development in children at family risk for dyslexia
复制标题
DOI：
10.1111/1467-8624.00317
复制
发表时间：
2001-05-01
影响因子：
4.6
通讯作者：
Lefly, DL
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Pennington, BF;Lefly, DL
在一项为期 S 年的纵向研究中，从幼儿园前到二年级结束，每年对处于高家庭风险（HR 组，N = 67）和低家庭风险（LR 组，N = 57）的中上阶层学龄前儿童进行阅读障碍（或阅读障碍，RD）评估。在四个时间点分别测试语音处理和读写能力。与众所周知的 RD 一致，HR 组中有 34% 的人成为 RD，而 LR 组中有 67% 的人成为 RD。成为 RD 的参与者在所有四个时间点都表现出内隐和外显语音处理技能的缺陷，这清楚地表明比老年人更广泛的语音缺陷。识字技能的预测因素并不因风险组而异。两个风险群体都经历了类似的从字母名称知识到音素意识的发展转变，这是后来读写能力的主要预测因素。然而，两年后人力资源部门发生了这种转变。家族风险是连续的而不是离散的，因为没有成为 RD 的 HR 儿童在某些语音和识字测量方面的表现比 LR 非 RD 儿童差。最后，在 5 岁时可以以中等准确度预测后来的 RD，最强的预测因素是字母名称知识。
In a S-year longitudinal study, middle- to upper-middle-class preschool children at high family risk (HR group, N = 67) and low family risk (LR group, N = 57) for dyslexia (or reading disability, RD), were evaluated yearly from before kindergarten to the end of second grade. Both phonological processing and literacy skills were tested at each of four time points. Consistent with the well-known familiarity of RD, 34% of the HR group compared with 67% of the LR group became RD. Participants who became RD showed deficits in both implicit and explicit phonological processing skills at all four time points, clearly indicating a broader phonological deficit than is often found at older ages. The predictors of literacy skill did not vary by risk group. Both risk groups underwent a similar developmental shift from letter-name knowledge to phoneme awareness as the main predictor of later literacy skill. This shift, however, occurred 2 years later in the HR group. Familial risk was continuous rather than discrete because HR children who did not become RD performed worse than LR non-RD children on some phonological and literacy measures. Finally, later RD could be predicted with moderate accuracy at age 5 years, with the strongest predictor being letter-name knowledge.