How passive 'face time' affects perceptions of employees: Evidence of spontaneous trait inference
How passive 'face time' affects perceptions of employees: Evidence of spontaneous trait inference
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DOI：
10.1177/0018726709353139
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发表时间：
2010-06-01
期刊：
影响因子：
5.7
通讯作者：
Sherman, Jeffrey W.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Elsbach, Kimberly D.;Cable, Dan M.;Sherman, Jeffrey W.
我们研究如何被动的“面对时间”（即一个人被动观察的时间，没有互动）影响一个人在工作中被认为是如何。一项针对专业办公室工作人员的定性研究发现，被动面对时间存在两种形式：1）在正常工作时间内被看到工作-或预期的面对时间，以及2）在正常工作时间之外被看到工作-或课外面对时间。这两种形式的被动面对时间似乎导致观察者做出特质推断（即，它们导致观察者认为员工是“可靠的”或“忠诚的”，这取决于被动面对时间的形式）。实验研究的结果证实了我们的定性研究结果，并表明特质推断是自发的（即没有这样做的意图或知识）。我们讨论了我们的研究结果的理论的人的感知和绩效评估的实践的影响。
We examine how passive 'face time' (i.e. the amount of time one is passively observed, without interaction) affects how one is perceived at work. Findings from a qualitative study of professional office workers suggest that passive face time exists in two forms: 1) being seen at work during normal business hours - or expected face time, and 2) being seen at work outside of normal business hours - or extracurricular face time. These two forms of passive face time appear to lead observers to make trait inferences (i.e. they lead observers to perceive employees as either 'dependable' or 'committed', depending on the form of passive face time). Findings from an experimental study confirm our qualitative findings and suggest that trait inferences are made spontaneously (i.e. without intent or knowledge of doing so). We discuss the implications of our findings for theories of person perception and the practice of performance appraisal.