Reading performance is predicted by more than phonological processing.
Reading performance is predicted by more than phonological processing.
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DOI：
10.3389/fpsyg.2014.00960
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发表时间：
2014
影响因子：
3.8
通讯作者：
Dyer SM
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Kibby MY;Lee SE;Dyer SM
我们比较了三个语音加工组件（语音意识，快速自动化命名和语音记忆），言语工作记忆，以及注意控制方面的预测阅读的各个方面：单词识别，伪词解码，流畅性和理解，在一个混合样本的182名8-12岁的儿童。参与者表现出广泛的阅读能力和注意力控制。采用多元回归分析方法来确定语音加工成分、言语工作记忆和注意控制对阅读成绩的预测效果。所有方程均高度显著。语音记忆预测单词识别和解码。此外，语音意识和快速自动化命名预测阅读评估的各个方面，支持语音处理是阅读能力的核心贡献者的概念。然而，语音加工并不是阅读成绩的唯一预测因素。言语工作记忆预测流畅性，解码和理解，注意力控制预测流畅性。根据我们的研究结果，当使用巴德利的工作记忆模型时，似乎语音回路有助于基本的阅读能力，而中央执行有助于流畅性和理解，沿着解码。注意力控制是一个有趣的问题，因为一些患有多动症的儿童阅读能力很差，即使它没有受到足够的损害，以保证诊断。我们发现注意力控制可以预测阅读流畅性，这与先前的研究一致，即持续的注意力在流畅性中起作用。综上所述，我们的研究结果表明，阅读是一种高度复杂的技能，需要更多的语音处理表现良好。
We compared three phonological processing components (phonological awareness, rapid automatized naming and phonological memory), verbal working memory, and attention control in terms of how well they predict the various aspects of reading: word recognition, pseudoword decoding, fluency and comprehension, in a mixed sample of 182 children ages 8–12 years. Participants displayed a wide range of reading ability and attention control. Multiple regression was used to determine how well the phonological processing components, verbal working memory, and attention control predict reading performance. All equations were highly significant. Phonological memory predicted word identification and decoding. In addition, phonological awareness and rapid automatized naming predicted every aspect of reading assessed, supporting the notion that phonological processing is a core contributor to reading ability. Nonetheless, phonological processing was not the only predictor of reading performance. Verbal working memory predicted fluency, decoding and comprehension, and attention control predicted fluency. Based upon our results, when using Baddeley’s model of working memory it appears that the phonological loop contributes to basic reading ability, whereas the central executive contributes to fluency and comprehension, along with decoding. Attention control was of interest as some children with ADHD have poor reading ability even if it is not sufficiently impaired to warrant diagnosis. Our finding that attention control predicts reading fluency is consistent with prior research which showed sustained attention plays a role in fluency. Taken together, our results suggest that reading is a highly complex skill that entails more than phonological processing to perform well.