Floral Acoustics: Conspicuous Echoes of a Dish-Shaped Leaf Attract Bat Pollinators
Floral Acoustics: Conspicuous Echoes of a Dish-Shaped Leaf Attract Bat Pollinators
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DOI：
10.1126/science.1204210
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发表时间：
2011-07-29
期刊：
影响因子：
56.9
通讯作者：
von Helversen, Otto
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Simon, Ralph;Holderied, Marc W.;von Helversen, Otto
许多昼行性花的视觉上的辉煌有助于吸引视觉引导的传粉者，如蜜蜂和鸟类，但蝙蝠授粉的花是否进化出类似的回声声信号来吸引回声定位的传粉者，还有待观察。在这里，我们展示了一块不寻常的盘状叶子是如何展示在葡萄树Marcgravia evenia的花序上，吸引蝙蝠授粉的。具体来说，该叶片的回波满足有效信标的要求，即强、多向、具有可识别的不变回波特征。在行为实验中，树叶的存在使访花蝙蝠的觅食时间减半。
The visual splendor of many diurnal flowers serves to attract visually guided pollinators such as bees and birds, but it remains to be seen whether bat-pollinated flowers have evolved analogous echo-acoustic signals to lure their echolocating pollinators. Here, we demonstrate how an unusual dish-shaped leaf displayed above the inflorescences of the vine Marcgravia evenia attracts bat pollinators. Specifically, this leaf's echoes fulfilled requirements for an effective beacon, that is, they were strong, multidirectional, and had a recognizable invariant echo signature. In behavioral experiments, presence of the leaves halved foraging time for flower-visiting bats.