Rectal cancer: ESMO Clinical Practice Guidelines for diagnosis, treatment and follow-up
Rectal cancer: ESMO Clinical Practice Guidelines for diagnosis, treatment and follow-up
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DOI：
10.1093/annonc/mdx224
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发表时间：
2017-07-01
影响因子：
50.5
通讯作者：
Arnold, D.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Glynne-Jones, R.;Wyrwicz, L.;Arnold, D.
在欧盟，直肠癌的发病率为每年12.5万例，即占结直肠癌总发病率的35%，反映出每年每10万人口中有15 - 25例，预计男女发病率都将进一步增加。每年死亡率为4 - 10/10万人。诊断时的中位年龄为1070岁，但预测表明，这一数字将在未来上升。越来越多的证据表明，直肠癌不同于结肠癌，具有不同的病因和风险因素[1]，2.]，可能反映了不同的环境暴露。高体重指数、身体或腹部肥胖和II型糖尿病被视为风险因素。长期溃疡性结肠炎和克罗恩病影响直肠，过量食用红色或加工肉类和烟草以及中度/重度饮酒会增加风险。
The incidence of rectal cancer in the European Union is∼ 125 000 per year, ie∼ 35% of the total colorectal cancer incidence, reflecting 15–25 cases/100 000 population per year and is predicted to increase further in both genders. The mortality is 4–10/100 000 population per year. Median age at diagnosis is∼ 70 years, but predictions suggest that this figure will rise in the future.Evidence is accumulating that rectal cancer is distinct from colon cancer with different aetiologies and risk factors [1., 2.], possibly reflecting different environmental exposures. High body mass index, body or abdominal fatness and diabetes type II are seen as risk factors. Longstanding ulcerative colitis and Crohn’s disease affecting the rectum, excessive consumption of red or processed meat and tobacco as well as moderate/heavy alcohol use increase the risk.