Concurrent psychosocial predictors of sun safety among middle school youth
Concurrent psychosocial predictors of sun safety among middle school youth
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DOI：
10.1111/j.1746-1561.2008.00317.x
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发表时间：
2008-07-01
影响因子：
2.2
通讯作者：
Yaroch, Amy L.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Andreeva, Valentina A.;Reynolds, Kim D.;Yaroch, Amy L.
背景：日照导致的皮肤损伤增加了皮肤癌的风险，在生命的早期就开始了，并通过后期的日光暴露模式而促进。如果在上学期间很好地了解和解决阳光安全的决定因素，皮肤癌的发病率可能会降低。这项研究测试了心理社会对青少年防晒安全的影响，并评估了他们在性别和种族内部和跨种族的力量。方法：预测因素包括晒伤和皮肤癌知识、晒黑态度、同伴规范和关于阳光暴露的障碍，并使用自填的有效问卷进行评估。用结构方程模型检验假设的关系，并用多水平回归进行验证。结果：在性别和种族中，知识成为重要的防晒安全预测因子，并通过晒黑态度传递直接和间接影响。与障碍的关系在任何亚组中都没有达到统计学意义，可能是由于测量的限制。通过晒黑的态度，同伴规范对阳光安全的间接影响只在女孩中得到证实。此外，还发现了一个迹象，表明同伴规范在种族群体中的运作方式不同，因为在非西班牙裔中，这一预测因子与阳光安全的关系在统计上显著更强。结论：青少年的阳光安全是一个多因素的实践，部分由基于种族和性别的标准决定。为了确保促进健康的学校环境，需要多组成部分的计划，其中突出同伴规范和知识，并单独和其他健康危险行为一起解决阳光安全问题。
BACKGROUND: Sun-induced skin damage, which increases skin cancer risk, is initiated in early life and promoted through later sun exposure patterns. If sun safety determinants are well understood and addressed during the school years, skin cancer incidence might be reduced. This study tested psychosocial influences on youth's sun safety and assessed their strength within and across gender and ethnicity in a sample of 1782 middle school students.METHODS: Predictors included sunburn and skin cancer knowledge, tanning attitudes, peer norms, and barriers regarding sun exposure and were assessed with a self-administered, validated questionnaire. The hypothesized relationships were tested with structural equation models and confirmed with multilevel regression.RESULTS: Across gender and ethnicity, knowledge emerged as an important sun safety predictor with both direct and indirect effects mediated through tanning attitudes. The relationship with barriers did not reach statistical significance within any of the subgroups, possibly due to measurement limitations. An indirect effect of peer norms on sun safety, mediated through tanning attitudes, was confirmed only among girls. Also, an indication that peer norms operate differently within the ethnic groups was found, since this predictor had a statistically significantly stronger relationship with sun safety among non-Hispanics.CONCLUSIONS: Youth's sun safety is a multifactorial practice, partially determined by ethnicity- and gender-based standards. In order to ensure health-promoting school environments, needed are multicomponent programs where peer norms and knowledge are salient and where sun safety is addressed individually and together with other health risk behaviors.