Bone histology of Silesaurus opolensis Dzik, 2003 from the Late Triassic of Poland
Bone histology of Silesaurus opolensis Dzik, 2003 from the Late Triassic of Poland
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DOI：
10.1111/j.1502-3931.2009.00179.x
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发表时间：
2010-06-01
期刊：
影响因子：
1.5
通讯作者：
Sulej, Tomasz
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Fostowicz-Frelik, Lucja;Sulej, Tomasz
自发现以来，奥普利索龙的系统发育关系一直是激烈争论的主题。西勒龙拥有一些鸟臀目恐龙的特徴，例如在下颚前部有喙，但它缺乏恐龙的一些重要股骨和牙齿的共形。该物种的长骨（股骨、胫骨和跖骨）和肋骨的显微结构显示出相对密集的生长速度，与小型恐龙和纤细鳄形类Terrestrisuchus的生长速度相当。皮质骨主要由骨膜组织和纤维板层基质形成（在较老的标本中平行排列），显示很少的继发性重塑，仅在一个标本（大胫骨ZPAL Ab III/1885）中，最外层皮质中存在少量生长停滞线。血管化相对致密，主要是纵向的，并向外周停止，在骨表面形成几乎无血管的平行骨。这表明，成熟和显着下降的增长率在成熟标本的S。波兰人。纤细的骨小梁显示由衬有板层骨内膜的初级松质组织形成的核心。S. opolensis意味着相对高的代谢率。此外，来自纤维板层组织的证据，主要在皮质中，表明这种快速的骨沉积可能比以前假设的更典型，这是在大型鸟臀目，蜥脚类和大型兽脚类中观察到的非常快的生长速度进化的先决条件。方形始龙类，骨组织学，恐龙形目，晚三叠世，奥泊西勒龙。
The phylogenetic relationships of Silesaurus opolensis have been the subject of intense debate since its discovery. Silesaurus possesses some features characteristic of ornithischian dinosaurs, such as the presence of a beak at the front of the lower jaw, yet it lacks a number of important femoral and dental synapomorphies of Dinosauria. The microstructure of the long bones (femur, tibia and metatarsal) and ribs of this species reveals a relatively intensive rate of growth, comparable with that seen in small dinosaurs and the gracile crocodylomorph Terrestrisuchus. Cortical bone formed mainly by periosteal tissue with fibro-lamellar matrix (in older specimens parallel fibred) shows very little secondary remodelling and only in one specimen (large tibia ZPAL Ab III/1885) few lines of arrested growth are present in the outermost cortex. The vascularization is relatively dense, mainly longitudinal and ceases towards the periphery, forming almost avascular parallel fibred bone at the bone surface. This indicates maturation and significant decrease in the growth ratio in mature specimens of S. opolensis. The delicate trabeculae exhibit cores formed by the primary cancellous tissue lined with lamellar endosteal bone. The rather intense growth of S. opolensis implies a relatively high metabolic rate. Moreover, evidence from the fibro-lamellar tissue, predominant in the cortex, suggests that this kind of rapid bone deposition could be more typical of Archosauria than previously assumed, a prerequisite for the evolution of the very fast growth rates observed in large ornithischians, sauropods and large theropods. square Archosauria, Bone histology, Dinosauriformes, Late Triassic, Silesaurus opolensis.