Bacteria can mobilize nematode-trapping fungi to kill nematodes.
Bacteria can mobilize nematode-trapping fungi to kill nematodes.
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细菌可以动员捕获线虫的真菌来杀死线虫
DOI：
10.1038/ncomms6776
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发表时间：
2014-12-16
影响因子：
16.6
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中科院分区：
文献类型：
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在它们的自然栖息地，细菌被食菌线虫消耗;然而，它们不仅仅是被动的猎物。在这里，我们报告了一种防御机制，用于某些细菌动员线虫捕捉真菌杀死线虫。这些细菌释放尿素，这触发了真菌少孢节孢菌的生活方式转换，从腐食性到捕食线虫的形式;这种捕食形式的特征是形成专门的细胞结构或“陷阱”。该菌对A.寡孢菌。A.尿素转运和代谢相关基因的破坏。寡孢菌破坏了尿素诱导的陷阱形成。此外，尿素代谢物氨在真菌中起信号分子的作用，以启动生活方式的转换，形成陷阱结构。我们的研究结果突出了多个捕食者-猎物的相互作用在猎物防御机制的重要性。
In their natural habitat, bacteria are consumed by bacterivorous nematodes; however, they are not simply passive preys. Here we report a defensive mechanism used by certain bacteria to mobilize nematode-trapping fungi to kill nematodes. These bacteria release urea, which triggers a lifestyle switch in the fungusArthrobotrys oligosporafrom saprophytic to nematode–predatory form; this predacious form is characterized by formation of specialized cellular structures or ‘traps’. The bacteria significantly promote the elimination of nematodes byA. oligospora. Disruption of genes involved in urea transport and metabolism inA. oligosporaabolishes the urea-induced trap formation. Furthermore, the urea metabolite ammonia functions as a signal molecule in the fungus to initiate the lifestyle switch to form trap structures. Our findings highlight the importance of multiple predator–prey interactions in prey defense mechanisms.