COVID-19 and Public Transportation: Current Assessment, Prospects, and Research Needs.
COVID-19 and Public Transportation: Current Assessment, Prospects, and Research Needs.
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DOI：
10.5038/2375-0901.22.1.1
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发表时间：
2020-01
影响因子：
12.2
通讯作者：
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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COVID-19疫情对全球当代公共交通构成巨大挑战，导致需求和收入前所未有地下降。在本文中，我们综合了截至2020年6月初，有关公共交通和COVID-19疫情的主要发展的最新技术，包括世界各地政府和公共交通机构采取的不同应对措施，以及与在所谓的封锁后阶段最大限度地降低公共交通传染风险的关键问题有关的研究需求。虽然一些国家正在尝试坚持物理距离（这挑战了大众公共交通的概念），但最新研究表明，对于公共交通工具等封闭环境，正确使用口罩大大降低了传染概率。新型冠状病毒疫情对公共交通的经济和社会影响不仅限于服务表现和健康风险，还包括财务可行性、社会公平和可持续流动性。如果人们认为公共交通部门在向大流行后状况过渡方面表现不佳，那么认为公共交通不健康的看法就会越来越普遍，并可能持续下去。为此，本文确定了研究需求，并概述了替代战略和方案的公共卫生影响的研究议程，特别是减少公共交通拥挤的措施。本文为公共交通政策制定者、规划者和研究人员提供了一个概述和展望，以绘制与流行病危机对公共交通影响相关的事态和研究需求。一些研究需求需要迫切关注，因为最终在几个国家处于危险之中：恢复公共交通系统履行其社会作用的能力。
The COVID-19 pandemic poses a great challenge for contemporary public transportation worldwide, resulting from an unprecedented decline in demand and revenue. In this paper, we synthesize the state-of-the-art, up to early June 2020, on key developments regarding public transportation and the COVID-19 pandemic, including the different responses adopted by governments and public transportation agencies around the world, and the research needs pertaining to critical issues that minimize contagion risk in public transportation in the so-called post-lockdown phase. While attempts at adherence to physical distancing (which challenges the very concept of mass public transportation) are looming in several countries, the latest research shows that for closed environments such as public transportation vehicles, the proper use of face masks has significantly reduced the probability of contagion. The economic and social effects of the COVID-19 outbreak in public transportation extend beyond service performance and health risks to financial viability, social equity, and sustainable mobility. There is a risk that if the public transportation sector is perceived as poorly transitioning to post-pandemic conditions, that viewing public transportation as unhealthy will gain ground and might be sustained. To this end, this paper identifies the research needs and outlines a research agenda for the public health implications of alternative strategies and scenarios, specifically measures to reduce crowding in public transportation. The paper provides an overview and an outlook for transit policy makers, planners, and researchers to map the state-of-affairs and research needs related to the impacts of the pandemic crisis on public transportation. Some research needs require urgent attention given what is ultimately at stake in several countries: restoring the ability of public transportation systems to fulfill their societal role.