Geospatial distributions reflect temperatures of linguistic features.

Geospatial distributions reflect temperatures of linguistic features.
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DOI:
10.1126/sciadv.abe6540
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发表时间:
2021-01
期刊:
影响因子:
13.6
通讯作者:
Bermúdez-Otero R
Bermúdez-Otero R
中科院分区:
综合性期刊1区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Kauhanen H;Gopal D;Galla T;Bermúdez-Otero R

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语言特征的地理分布包含了语言文化进化动态的足迹。量化语言变化的速度具有挑战性,因为语言的历史演变记录很少。因此,传统方法依赖于系统发育重建。在这里,我们通过将语言变化分析为结合垂直下降、空间相互作用和两个维度突变的随机过程,提出了一种基于模型的方法来解决该问题。从这种分析中自然地出现了语言温度的概念,作为语言特征发生变化的倾向的无量纲度量。我们展示了如何从当前的地理空间分布推断语言特征的温度,而无需求助于其系统发育的信息。因此,语言的进化动态,跨越数千年的运作,留下了可测量的地理空间特征。即使在缺乏纵向数据的情况下,该签名也可以推断语言的历史演变。
The geographical distributions of features of language contain a footprint of the cultural evolutionary dynamics of language. Quantifying the speed of linguistic change is challenging because the historical evolution of languages is sparsely documented. Consequently, traditional methods rely on phylogenetic reconstruction. Here, we propose a model-based approach to the problem through the analysis of language change as a stochastic process combining vertical descent, spatial interactions, and mutations in both dimensions. A notion of linguistic temperature emerges naturally from this analysis as a dimensionless measure of the propensity of a linguistic feature to undergo change. We demonstrate how temperatures of linguistic features can be inferred from their present-day geospatial distributions, without recourse to information about their phylogenies. Thus, the evolutionary dynamics of language, operating across thousands of years, leave a measurable geospatial signature. This signature licenses inferences about the historical evolution of languages even in the absence of longitudinal data.
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期刊: PHYSICAL REVIEW X
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