NATURE OF NICHE EXPANSION IN WEST-INDIAN ANOLIS LIZARDS .1. ECOLOGICAL CONSEQUENCES OF REDUCED COMPETITION
NATURE OF NICHE EXPANSION IN WEST-INDIAN ANOLIS LIZARDS .1. ECOLOGICAL CONSEQUENCES OF REDUCED COMPETITION
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DOI：
10.1111/j.1558-5646.1976.tb00947.x
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发表时间：
1976-01-01
期刊：
影响因子：
3.3
通讯作者：
LISTER, BC
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
LISTER, BC
通过比较与不同数量竞争者共存的种群的栖息地范围、栖息高度、小气候地点和猎物大小，研究了西印度安乐蜥蜴竞争减少的生态后果。扩张发生在变色龙从竞争中释放的岛屿上的所有这些生态位维度上。然而，即使种群转移到缺失物种的觅食生态位，对猎物类群的利用仍然相当稳定。尽管阿巴科岛上的安乐蜥经历了栖息地扩张，但成年雄性并没有表现出其他独居安乐蜥的体型增大、栖息高度分布和猎物大小变化的特征。巴哈马北部的 A. sagrei 不同的生态和进化可能是与异常多样化的食虫鸟类区系竞争的结果。阿巴科岛和大巴哈马岛没有树栖变色龙也支持了这一假设。蜥蜴和鸟类之间竞争相互作用的决定性证据有待进一步的实地研究。最后，与埃克苏马岛的物种相比，牙买加变色龙的结构栖息地、猎物大小和猎物分类群的重叠程度要高得多。然而，两个群落的总生态位重叠可能相似，因为牙买加物种显然容忍小气候地点和相关体温的重叠较少。
The ecological consequences of reduced competition in West Indian Anolis lizards were investigated by comparing the range of habitats, perch heights, microclimatic sites and prey sizes utilized by populations coexisting with different numbers of competitors. Expansion occurs along all of these niche dimensions on islands where anoles are released from competition. The utilization of prey taxa, however, remains fairly constant even where populations shift into the foraging niches of missing species. Although Anolis sagrei on Abaco Island has undergone habitat expansion, the adult males do not exhibit the increases in body size, perch height distribution and prey size variation characteristic of other solitary anoles. The divergent ecology and evolution of A. sagrei in the northern Bahamas may be a consequence of competition with an unusually diverse insectivorous bird fauna. The absence of arboreal anoles from Abaco and Grand Bahama also supports this hypothesis. Conclusive evidence of competitive interaction between lizards and birds awaits further field studies. Finally, overlap in structural habitat, prey size and prey taxa was considerably higher among Jamaican anoles compared to species on Exuma Island. Total niche overlap, however, may be similar in both communities since the Jamaican species apparently tolerate less overlap in microclimatic sites and associated body temperatures.