Cross-protective immunity following coronavirus vaccination and coronavirus infection
Cross-protective immunity following coronavirus vaccination and coronavirus infection
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DOI：
10.1172/jci151969
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发表时间：
2021-12-15
影响因子：
15.9
通讯作者：
Penaloza-MacMaster, Pablo
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Dangi, Tanushree;Palacio, Nicole;Penaloza-MacMaster, Pablo
尽管严重急性呼吸综合征冠状病毒 2 (SARS-CoV-2) 疫苗已显示出针对 SARS-CoV-2 的功效，但尚不清楚冠状病毒疫苗是否也能预防未来可能感染人类的其他冠状病毒。在这里，我们证明冠状病毒疫苗引发了针对异源冠状病毒的交叉保护性免疫反应。特别是，我们证明了 2004 年开发的一种严重急性呼吸综合征冠状病毒 1 (SARS-CoV-1) 疫苗，已知可预防 SARS-CoV-1，可为小鼠提供针对 SARS-CoV-2 的强大异源保护。同样，先前的冠状病毒感染赋予了针对不同冠状病毒的异源保护。据报道，2019 年冠状病毒病 (COVID-19) 患者和接受 SARS-CoV-2 疫苗的个体出现了交叉反应免疫，将这些个体的血浆转移到小鼠体内可以改善对冠状病毒挑战的保护。这些发现首次证明，冠状病毒疫苗（和之前的冠状病毒感染）可以针对异源冠状病毒提供广泛的保护，并为通用冠状病毒疫苗奠定了基础。
Although severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) vaccines have shown efficacy against SARS-CoV-2, it is unknown if coronavirus vaccines can also protect against other coronaviruses that may infect humans in the future. Here, we show that coronavirus vaccines elicited cross-protective immune responses against heterologous coronaviruses. In particular, we show that a severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 1 (SARS-CoV-1) vaccine developed in 2004 and known to protect against SARS-CoV-1 conferred robust heterologous protection against SARS-CoV-2 in mice. Similarly, prior coronavirus infections conferred heterologous protection against distinct coronaviruses. Cross-reactive immunity was also reported in patients with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) and in individuals who received SARS-CoV-2 vaccines, and transfer of plasma from these individuals into mice improved protection against coronavirus challenges. These findings provide the first demonstration to our knowledge that coronavirus vaccines (and prior coronavirus infections) can confer broad protection against heterologous coronaviruses and establish a rationale for universal coronavirus vaccines.