Cultural and Linguistic Minorities in the Russian Federation and the European Union
Cultural and Linguistic Minorities in the Russian Federation and the European Union
复制标题
俄罗斯联邦和欧盟的文化和语言少数民族
DOI：
10.1007/978-3-319-10455-3_2
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发表时间：
2015
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Romaine S
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Romaine S
大多数人都意识到，21世纪初，全球生物多样性正在经历大规模灭绝。然而，很少有人意识到语言也面临着同样的危机，据预测，到本世纪末，世界上约7000种语言的灭绝率将达到50%到90%。许多人认为语言是文化多样性的基准，因为实际上人类文化的每一个主要方面，从亲属分类到宗教，都依赖语言进行传播。这一章主要关注全球语言多样性丧失对文化多样性的影响。文化和语言传播的中断往往伴随着巨大的人力和社会代价。维护世界上的语言可以被视为文化生存战略的一部分，为人类的福祉和适应力提供了不可或缺的基础。
Most people are aware that global biodiversity in the early 21st century is experiencing mass extinction. Yet few are aware of a parallel crisis for languages, with predicted extinction rates ranging from 50 to 90 % of the world’s some 7,000 languages by the end of this century. Many regard languages as a benchmark for cultural diversity because virtually every major aspect of human culture ranging from kinship classification to religion is dependent on language for its transmission. This chapter focuses primarily on the consequences of the global loss of linguistic diversity for cultural diversity. Discontinuities in transmission of culture and language are frequently accompanied by large human and social costs. Maintaining the world’s languages can be seen as part of a larger strategy of cultural survival providing an indispensable foundation for well-being and resilience.