Parental caregiving and developmental outcomes of infants of mothers with HIV
Parental caregiving and developmental outcomes of infants of mothers with HIV
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DOI：
10.1097/00006199-200101000-00003
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发表时间：
2001-01-01
期刊：
影响因子：
2.5
通讯作者：
Lim, W
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Holditch-Davis, D;Miles, MS;Lim, W
背景资料：所有产前暴露于人类免疫缺陷病毒（HIV）的婴儿，即使是那些没有被感染的婴儿，由于贫困、产前药物滥用和母亲疾病，都有出现发育问题的风险。目的：目的是描述母亲感染HIV的婴儿的发育，并使用分层线性模型确定儿童特征、父母照顾者特征、家庭特征和养育质量对发育的纵向影响。方法：对81名艾滋病毒感染者及其主要父母照顾者所生的婴儿进行了随访，直至18至24个月; 53名婴儿始终由其亲生母亲照顾，16名始终由亲属或养父母照顾，12名主要照顾者发生变化。预测变量和发展成果，在入学和6，12，18，24 months.Results：心理发展和适应行为得分下降，随着年龄的增长。改变主要照顾者的婴儿的运动和适应行为评分低于保持一致的照顾者的婴儿。较高的心理、运动和适应行为得分与更多的积极注意力和更多的消极控制相关，而更好的语言能力只与更多的积极注意力相关。儿童、母亲和家庭特征的影响较小。感染艾滋病毒的婴儿和母亲受教育程度较高的婴儿的智力、运动和适应行为得分较低。男性和更多的家庭冲突与较低的运动和适应行为得分。从较小的家庭的婴儿有较低的精神scores.Conclusions：由于父母的质量和一致性的主要照顾者影响发展成果，这些婴儿的母亲的干预措施需要集中在提高父母的质量和减少频率的主要照顾者的变化。
Background: All infants exposed to human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) prenatally, even those who do not become infected, are at risk for developmental problems because of poverty, prenatal substance abuse, and maternal illness.Objectives:The purpose was to describe the development of infants of mothers with HIV and to determine, using hierarchical linear models, the longitudinal effects of child characteristics, parental caregiver characteristics, family characteristics, and parenting quality on development.Methods: Eighty-one infants born to women with HIV and their primary parental caregivers were followed-up until 18 to 24 months of age; 53 infants were always cared for by their biologic mothers, 16 were always cared for by kin or foster parents, and 12 had primary caregiver changes. Predictor variables and developmental outcomes were obtained at enrollment and 6, 12, 18, and 24 months.Results: Mental development and adaptive behavior scores decreased over age. Infants with changes in their primary caregiver had lower motor and adaptive behavior scores than infants remaining with consistent caregivers. Higher mental, motor, and adaptive behavior scores were associated with more positive attention and more negative control, whereas better language abilities were associated only with more positive attention. Child, maternal, and family characteristics had lesser effects. HIV-infected infants and infants of mothers with more education had lower mental, motor, and adaptive behavior scores. Male gender and more family conflict were associated with lower motor and adaptive behavior scores. Infants from smaller families had lower mental scores.Conclusions: Because both parenting quality and consistency of the primary caregiver influenced developmental outcomes, interventions with the mothers of these infants need to focus both on improving the quality of parenting and reducing the frequency of primary caregiver changes.