Molecular and phylogenetic analyses of the liver amphistome Explanatum explanatum (Creplin, 1847) Fukui, 1929 in ruminants from Bangladesh and Nepal based on nuclear ribosomal ITS2 and mitochondrial nad1 sequences.
Molecular and phylogenetic analyses of the liver amphistome Explanatum explanatum (Creplin, 1847) Fukui, 1929 in ruminants from Bangladesh and Nepal based on nuclear ribosomal ITS2 and mitochondrial nad1 sequences.
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基于核核糖体 ITS2 和线粒体 nad1 序列，对来自孟加拉国和尼泊尔的反刍动物中的肝脏平口虫 Explanatum explanatum (Creplin, 1847) Fukui, 1929 进行分子和系统发育分析。
DOI：
10.1017/s0022149x16000420
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发表时间：
2017
期刊：
影响因子：
1.6
通讯作者：
Itagaki T.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Mohanta UK;Rana HB;Devkota B;Itagaki T.
解释吸虫是反刍动物的肝脏两栖体，引起严重的肝脏损伤，给畜牧业造成重大的经济损失。对孟加拉国四个不同地理区域的26头水牛和7头牛的66只吸虫和尼泊尔奇特万地区10头水牛的20只吸虫进行了分析。分析了孟加拉国和尼泊尔产解释吸虫核糖体DNA第二内转录间隔区(ITS2)和线粒体烟酰胺脱氢酶亚基1(NaD1)的可变区(657bp)的序列。这项研究的目的是对吸虫的分子特征进行描述，并阐明其来源和生物地理学。在ITS2区，孟加拉国的吸虫中检测到两种基因型，而尼泊尔的吸虫中只检测到一种基因型。根据NaD1基因进行的系统发育分析表明，孟加拉国至少分布着四个不同的种群(群I-IV)，而尼泊尔分布着两个不同的种群。FST值(成对注视指数)表明，组I到组IV的孟加拉人和尼泊尔人群体之间存在显著差异；但在组III和组IV中，来自孟加拉国和尼泊尔的群体在遗传上是接近的。这种在NaD1基因上的差异表明，来自不同地理位置的每个解释毛虫谱系在反刍动物的多个驯化事件中是共适应的。这项研究首次提供了孟加拉和尼泊尔的解说草的分子特征，并可能为阐明其在亚洲的起源和传播路线提供有用的信息。
Explanatum explanatum flukes, liver amphistomes of ruminants, cause significant economic loss in the livestock industry by inducing severe liver damage. A total of 66 flukes from 26 buffaloes and 7 cattle in four different geographic areas of Bangladesh and 20 flukes from 10 buffaloes in the Chitwan district of Nepal were subjected for analysis. The sequences (442 bp) of the second internal transcribed spacer (ITS2) of ribosomal DNA and the variable fragments (657 bp) of mitochondrial nicotinamide dehydrogenase subunit 1 (nad1) of E. explanatum flukes from Bangladesh and Nepal were analysed. The aim of this study was molecular characterization of the flukes and to elucidate their origin and biogeography. In the ITS2 region, two genotypes were detected among the flukes from Bangladesh, while flukes from Nepal were of only one genotype. Phylogenetic analyses inferred from the nad1 gene revealed that at least four divergent populations (groups I–IV) are distributed in Bangladesh, whereas two divergent populations were found to be distributed in Nepal. Fst values (pairwise fixation index) suggest that Bangladeshi and Nepalese populations of group I to IV are significantly different from each other; but within groups III and IV, the populations from Bangladesh and Nepal were genetically close. This divergence in the nad1 gene indicates that each lineage of E. explanatum from diverse geography was co-adapted during the multiple domestication events of ruminants. This study, for the first time, provides molecular characterization of E. explanatum in Bangladesh and Nepal, and may provide useful information for elucidating its origin and dispersal route in Asia.