Women’s Rights After War and Genocide: Contradictions and Challenges
Women’s Rights After War and Genocide: Contradictions and Challenges
复制标题
战后和种族灭绝后的妇女权利：矛盾与挑战
DOI：
10.1080/14623528.2023.2212508
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发表时间：
2023
影响因子：
1.5
通讯作者：
Lake, Milli
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Berry, Marie E.;Lake, Milli
在过去的25年里，人们越来越多地关注将妇女纳入结束战争的进程。这种关注在很大程度上源于这样一种认识，即战争除了是一种破坏力量外，还可能是一个关键时刻，导致社会变革和体制变革的快速、有时是渐进的时期。包括我们自己在内的大量研究认为，战后重建时期可以为打造更多性别平等的社会提供独特的机会之窗。1全球妇女在议会中的平均比例徘徊在25%以下，而最近摆脱战争的国家--如布隆迪、埃塞俄比亚、莫桑比克、东帝汶、尼加拉瓜和卢旺达--的国家立法机构中妇女比例均超过35%。2除了战争可以为促进妇女权利和权力提供规范机会外，许多主张将妇女纳入从战争向和平过渡的倡导者强调，妇女参政有助于巩固一个国家的民主资格。3在过去几十年中，援助和稳定方案一直围绕着这样一种观点，即以自由市场经济为基础的自由民主政治是通向稳定全球秩序的最可靠途径。人们重复道，民主国家，
Over the past 25 years, a groundswell of attention has been directed towards the inclusion of women in the process of ending wars. Much of this attention has stemmed from the realization that–in addition to being a force for destruction–war can also serve as a critical juncture, giving rise to rapid and sometimes progressive periods of social change and institutional transformation. A large body of work, including our own, posits that periods of rebuilding after war can offer unique windows of opportunity for forging more gender-equal societies. 1 Whereas the global average of women in parliament hovers right under twenty-five per cent, countries that have more recently emerged from war–such as Burundi, Ethiopia, Mozambique, East Timor, Nicaragua, and Rwanda–each have more than thirty-five per cent women in their national legislatures. 2Beyond the normative opportunities that war can provide for advancing women’s rights and power, many advocates of women’s inclusion in transitions from war to peace focus on the fact that women’s entry into politics helps shore up the democratic credentials of a state. 3 Over the past decades, aid and stabilization programming has coalesced around the idea that liberal democratic polities, underpinned by free market economics, are the surest route towards a stable global order. Democracies, the refrain goes,