Effects of Orange II and Sudan III azo dyes and their metabolites on Staphylococcus aureus.
Effects of Orange II and Sudan III azo dyes and their metabolites on Staphylococcus aureus.
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DOI：
10.1007/s10295-011-0962-3
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发表时间：
2011-10
影响因子：
3.4
通讯作者：
Chen H
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Pan H;Feng J;Cerniglia CE;Chen H
偶氮染料广泛用于塑料、造纸、化妆品、食品和制药工业。这些染料的某些代谢产物具有潜在的遗传毒性。研究了偶氮染料及其潜在还原代谢产物对金黄色葡萄球菌ATCC BAA 1556的毒性作用。当培养物与6、18和36 μg/ml的橙子II和苏丹III孵育48小时时，细菌分别还原76.3、68.5和61.7%的橙子II和97.8、93.9和75.8%的苏丹III。在36 μg/ml苏丹红III存在下，培养48小时后细菌的细胞活力降至61.9%，而不含染料的对照培养物的细胞活力为71.5%。此外，细菌培养物在10小时的光密度从0.74降低到0.55，表明苏丹III能够抑制细菌的生长。然而，在测试浓度下，橙子II对细菌的细胞生长或细胞活力没有显著影响。1-氨基-2-萘酚是橙子II和苏丹红III共有的代谢物，在1 μg/ml时能够抑制细菌的细胞生长，在24-48 μg/ml时完全停止细菌细胞生长。另一方面，橙子II和苏丹红III的其他代谢产物，即对氨基苯磺酸、对苯二胺和苯胺，对细胞生长没有显著影响。对苯二胺与1-氨基-2-萘酚对细胞生长的抑制具有协同作用。所有染料代谢产物对细菌的细胞活力没有显着影响。
Azo dyes are widely used in the plastic, paper, cosmetics, food, and pharmaceutical industries. Some metabolites of these dyes are potentially genotoxic. The toxic effects of azo dyes and their potential reduction metabolites on Staphylococcus aureus ATCC BAA 1556 were studied. When the cultures were incubated with 6, 18, and 36 μg/ml of Orange II and Sudan III for 48 h, 76.3, 68.5, and 61.7% of Orange II and 97.8, 93.9, and 75.8% of Sudan III were reduced by the bacterium, respectively. In the presence of 36 μg/ml Sudan III, the cell viability of the bacterium decreased to 61.9% after 48 h of incubation, whereas the cell viability of the control culture without the dye was 71.5%. Moreover, the optical density of the bacterial cultures at 10 h decreased from 0.74 to 0.55, indicating that Sudan III is able to inhibit growth of the bacterium. However, Orange II had no significant effects on either cell growth or cell viability of the bacterium at the tested concentrations. 1-Amino-2-naphthol, a metabolite common to Orange II and Sudan III, was capable of inhibiting cell growth of the bacterium at 1 μg/ml and completely stopped bacterial cell growth at 24–48 μg/ml. On the other hand, the other metabolites of Orange II and Sudan III, namely sulfanilic acid, p-phenylenediamine, and aniline, showed no significant effects on cell growth. p-Phenylenediamine exhibited a synergistic effect with 1-amino-2-naphthol on cell growth inhibition. All of the dye metabolites had no significant effects on cell viability of the bacterium.
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