Foliar Spraying of Vermicornpost Extracts: Effects on Fruit Quality and Indications of Late-Blight Suppression of Field-Grown Tomatoes
Foliar Spraying of Vermicornpost Extracts: Effects on Fruit Quality and Indications of Late-Blight Suppression of Field-Grown Tomatoes
复制标题
叶面喷洒蚯蚓提取物：对果实品质的影响以及大田番茄晚疫病抑制的适应症
DOI：
--
复制
发表时间：
2006
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
J. Zaller
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
J. Zaller
摘要 通过田间试验研究了叶面喷施水性蠕虫肥提取物对三个番茄品种（Lycopersicon esculentnm Mill.、cv. Diplom Fl、cv. Malina、cv. Rheinlands Ruhm）的生长、产量、形态和化学果实品质以及晚疫病（Phytophthora infestons (Mont.) de Bary)自然感染的影响。提取物是由红虫（Eisenia fetida Sav.，Lumbricidae）从水果、蔬菜和棉花废料中产生的蚯蚓堆肥制备的；自来水作为对照处理。叶面施用（喷雾）蚯蚓粪提取物不会影响植物生长、生物量或养分分配，或者三个番茄品种的产量和果实数量；然而，有几个枣子的开花数量显着减少。与喷水的果实相比，叶面施用蚯蚓粪可以增加或减少果皮硬度，具体取决于番茄品种，并且一致地增加果实周长和氮含量，但降低L-抗坏血酸。蚯蚓堆肥和喷水植物的果实品质的所有其他测量参数（干物质、C、N、P、K、Ca、Mg、葡萄糖和果糖含量）相似。在实验条件下，致病疫霉对叶、茎和果实的自然侵染率一般很低；然而，在各个品种中，喷洒蚯蚓粪的植物显示出明显的致病疫霉感染迹象的数量仅为喷洒水的植物的一半；两种喷雾处理均未影响感染的严重程度。总之，这些结果表明，在有机农业中可以更多地考虑使用蚯蚓堆肥，不仅可以作为盆栽介质中泥炭的替代品，还可以作为叶面喷施用于施肥和生物疾病预防。
ABSTRACT The effect of foliar sprays with aqueous vermicompost extracts on growth, yields, morphological and chemical fruit quality and natural infection with late blight disease (Phytophthora infestons (Mont.) de Bary)) on three tomato varieties (Lycopersicon esculentnm Mill., cv. Diplom Fl, cv. Malina, cv. Rheinlands Ruhm) was investigated in a field experiment. Extracts were prepared of vermicompost produced from fruit, vegetable and cotton waste by redworms (Eisenia fetida Sav., Lumbricidae); tap water served as control treatment. Foliar application (spraying) of vermicompost extracts did not affect plant growth, biomass or nutrient allocation, or yields and number of fruits of the three tomato varieties; however, for several dates it significantly reduced the number of flowers produced. Foliar vermicompost spraying cither increased or decreased peel firmness dependent on tomato variety and increased fruit circumference consistently as well as contents of nitrogen but decreased L-ascorbic acid compared with water sprayed fruits. All other measured parameters of fruit quality (dry matter, C, N, P, K, Ca, Mg, glucose and fructose content) were similar for vermicompost and water sprayed plants. Natural infection of leaves, stems and fruits by P. infestans was generally very low under the experimental conditions; however, across varieties, only half as many vermicompost sprayed plants showed clear signs of P. infestans infection as water sprayed plants; the severity of the infection was unaffected by the two spraying treatments. In conclusion, these results suggest that the use of vermicompost might be considered more in organic farming not only as a substitute for peat in potting media but also as foliar sprays for fertilization and biological disease prevention.