Youth Transitions to Employment and Marriage in Iran
Youth Transitions to Employment and Marriage in Iran
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伊朗青年向就业和婚姻过渡
DOI：
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发表时间：
2010
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
D. Salehi
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Daniel Egel;D. Salehi
伊朗的青年男女在向就业和婚姻过渡的过程中面临着严峻的挑战。我们使用2005年学校到工作过渡调查（SWTS）研究影响这些过渡的因素。由于这项调查包含了15-29岁青年教育、就业和婚姻结果的详细回顾性数据，它为探索这些青年面临的挑战提供了一个新的宝贵工具。在我们对就业过渡的分析中，我们使用了离散时间风险模型和女性愿望和实际劳动力参与的概率模型，我们发现：（1）失业持续时间随着男性而不是女性的教育程度而长期增加，（2）父母背景显着影响男性而不是女性，（3）母亲的劳动力参与是女儿劳动力参与的最强预测因子。对于向婚姻的过渡，我们发现，工作稳定性是结婚年龄的最重要的决定因素，因为工作年限和高质量的就业合同都加速了婚姻的过渡。在妇女中，我们发现，由于工作经验和教育程度的提高，向婚姻的过渡大大推迟。我们讨论了这些发现在设计政策以帮助这些年轻人转型方面的相关性。
Iran’s young men and women face serious challenges in their transitions to employment and marriage. We study the factors that affect these transitions using the 2005 School-to-Work Transition Survey (SWTS). As this survey contains detailed retrospective data of education, employment, and marital outcomes for youth ages 15–29, it provides a new and valuable tool for exploring the challenges facing these youth. In our analysis of the transition to employment, which employs discrete-time hazard models and probit models of women’s desire and actual labor force participation, we find that (1) the duration of unemployment increases secularly with men’s but not women’s education, (2) parental background significantly affects men but not women, and (3) labor force participation of a mother is the strongest predictor of a daughter’s labor force participation. For the transition to marriage, we find that job stability is the most important determinant of the age of marriage, as both years of employment and high quality employment contracts accelerate the marriage transition. Among women we find that the transition to marriage is delayed significantly by both work experience and increased education. We discuss the relevance of these findings in designing policies to help these youth in their transitions.