Angiogenic Factors and Cytokines in Diabetic Retinopathy.
Angiogenic Factors and Cytokines in Diabetic Retinopathy.
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DOI：
10.4172/2155-9899
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发表时间：
2013
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Abcouwer SF
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Abcouwer SF
糖尿病视网膜病变（DR）是1型和2型糖尿病的一种威胁视力的并发症。抑制血管内皮生长因子（VEGF）功能的治疗的最近成功表明，特异性靶向负责血管渗透性和生长的生长因子是治疗DR相关的血管功能障碍、水肿和血管生成的有效手段。这刺激了对参与视网膜血管功能控制的替代治疗靶点的研究。然而，仍然需要额外的治疗选择和预防措施，并且这些需要更好地理解导致DR中视网膜组织稳态紊乱的病理机制。虽然严重DR可以作为血管疾病治疗，但大量数据表明炎症也发生在糖尿病视网膜中。因此，抗炎疗法也可用于治疗和预防DR。综述了DR中血管生成因子和细胞因子表达改变的证据，并检查了糖尿病视网膜中VEGF和细胞因子表达增加的可能机制。此外，探讨了小胶质细胞活化在糖尿病视网膜神经炎症中的潜在作用。
Diabetic retinopathy (DR) is a sight-threatening complication of both type-1 and type-2 diabetes. The recent success of treatments inhibiting the function of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) demonstrates that specific targeting of a growth factor responsible for vascular permeability and growth is an effective means of treating DR-associated vascular dysfunction, edema and angiogenesis. This has stimulated research of alternative therapeutic targets involved in the control of retinal vascular function. However, additional treatment options and preventative measures are still needed and these require a greater understanding of the pathological mechanisms leading to the disturbance of retinal tissue homeostasis in DR. Although severe DR can be treated as a vascular disease, abundant data suggests that inflammation is also occurring in the diabetic retina.Thus, anti-inflammatory therapies may also be useful for treatment and prevention of DR. Herein, the evidence for altered expression of angiogenic factors and cytokines in DR is reviewed and possible mechanisms by which the expression of VEGF and cytokines may be increased in the diabetic retina are examined. In addition, the potential role for microglial activation in diabetic retinal neuroinflammation is explored.