Brominated flame retardants (BFRs) in indoor and outdoor air in a community in Guangzhou, a megacity of southern China
Brominated flame retardants (BFRs) in indoor and outdoor air in a community in Guangzhou, a megacity of southern China
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中国南方特大城市广州一个社区室内和室外空气中的溴化阻燃剂 (BFR)
DOI：
10.1016/j.envpol.2016.02.038
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发表时间：
2016-05-01
影响因子：
8.9
通讯作者：
Mai, Bi-Xian
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Ding, Nan;Wang, Tao;Mai, Bi-Xian
由于溴化阻燃剂 (BFR) 广泛用于各种家用产品，因此室内环境是人体接触溴化阻燃剂 (BFR) 的很大一部分原因。本研究调查了中国南方某大城市室内和室外空气中多种 BFR 的存在情况，但有关室内 BFR 污染的信息很少。估计室内 PBDE 总浓度为 1.43 至 57 pg/m(3)，室外为 1.21 至 1522 pg/m(3)。主要来源于工业五溴二苯醚和八溴二苯醚混合物的低溴化多溴二苯醚的室内浓度高于或与室外相当，而十溴二苯醚和十溴二苯乙烷（DBDPE）的室内浓度明显低于室外。 BFR浓度的季节变化表明，旧室内产品的蒸发是空气中五溴二苯醚和八溴二苯醚的主要来源，而大多数十溴二苯醚和二溴二苯醚浓度的温度依赖性较弱，主要来自工业活动。空气中PBDE同系物分布总体相似，以BDE209、28和47为主；而室内外成分的显着差异可能是由于排放源、光化学降解或 BFR 在室内和室外空气中的同系物特异性迁移造成的。观察到室内和室外 BFR 之间存在显着相关性，表明两个隔间之间存在 BFR 交换，对于分别具有强室内和室外排放源的五溴二苯醚和十溴二苯醚而言，这种交换更为明显。这项研究为了解中国城市空气中 BFR 的来源提供了重要见解。 (C) 2016 Elsevier Ltd. 保留所有权利。
Indoor environments contribute a significant portion of human exposure to brominated flame retardants (BFRs) because of their extensive use in various household products. This study investigates the occurrence of a number of BFRs in the indoor and outdoor air in a megacity in southern China, in which little information on indoor BFRs contamination is available. The estimated total PBDE concentrations ranged from 1.43 to 57 pg/m(3) indoors and from 1.21 to 1522 pg/m(3) outdoors. The indoor concentrations of lower brominated PBDEs that are mainly derived from the technical penta- and octa-BDE mixtures were higher than or comparable to the outdoors, while the indoor levels of DecaBDEs and decabromodiphenyl ethane (DBDPE) were apparently lower than the outdoors. The seasonal variations of BFR concentrations indicated that evaporation from old indoor products is the primary source of Penta- and OctaBDEs in the air, whereas most DecaBDEs and DBDPE concentrations showing weak temperature-dependence are largely released from industrial activities. The PBDE congener profiles in the air were generally similar, which were dominated by BDE209, 28, and 47; whereas the appreciable indoor outdoor differences in the compositions are possibly due to emission sources, photochemical degradation, or congener-specific transport of BFRs in the indoor and outdoor air. Significant correlations between the indoor and outdoor BFRs were observed suggesting the exchange of BFRs between the two compartments, which are more noticeable for PentaBDEs and DecaBDEs with strong indoor and outdoor emission sources, respectively. This study provides significant insights into the sources of BFRs in urban air in China. (C) 2016 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.